List reasons for European Exploration and Colonization

1. Jump Start:Make sure the following are in your notebook.Maps, mercantilism outline, Columbian Exchange outline, Slave Trade notes, Jamestown Essay and Document A or ESketch and complete the table in your notebook. List reasons for European Exploration and Colonization

2. Jamestown The First Successful English Colony

3. Jamestown Begins • After Raleigh’s failure with Roanoke, individual people stopped funding colonies • Joint stock companies started • a business in which investors combine their money in order to make a profit • London Company (founded Jamestown) • Plymouth Company (Plymouth…duh…) • Once a joint stock company got a charter, they could establish a colony • a written contract from a government that gave the companies permission to create a colony

4. Jamestown- 1607 • First permanent English settlement with more than 100 colonists • Began with problem • Bad location- swampy • Disease- malaria- carrying mosquitoes • Spent more time mining for gold than building a settlement or planting crops • Climate • Summer- hot and humid • Winter- bitter cold

5. Jamestown- 1608 • Only 38 of the original 100 were still alive • John Smith takes over in January • Made physical improvements • built a protective wall around the colony • Got colonists working • “He that will not work shall not eat.” • Improved relations with Powhatan Indians • Got them to trade corn with the settlers • Injured in an explosion and had to leave in 1609 • That same year about 500 more settlers arrived

6. Jamestown- 1609-1610 • Growing tensions with Indians • Indians stopped trading food • Increased attacks on the settlers • Colonists afraid to leave fort • Starving Time • Colonists ate rats, mice, snakes • Only 60 survived in 1610 • The next spring they were saved again • Supply ships brought food, more settlers, and soldiers • a new governor who imposed more discipline

7. Jamestown- 1611-1612 • John Rolfe arrives with a crop that will make Jamestown rich • a high grade version of tobacco • tobacco became a cash crop • a crop grown in order to be sold for money instead of personal use (food, clothes, shelter, etc.) • Became widespread and popular

8. Jamestown Booms • Colony became more of a business than a colony • Colonists seen as employees • Colonists wanted their share of the profit • Virginia Company eventually let settlers own land • This caused them to work even harder on harvesting tobacco • First African American slaves came • Population more than tripled in 2 years • More workers were needed but not many people could afford the passage • Indentured servitude was also a way to increase the amount of workers • a person who sold his or her labor in exchange for passage to America • after they paid the money back they were free to own their own land

9. First Representative Government • Representative Government- a government where voters elect people to make the laws • Colonists started to get annoyed at how much control the governor had • They were placed under VERY strict laws • They were still being treated like employees • The Virginia Company decided that representatives called burgesses would meet once a year to give the colonists more representation • House of Burgesses- first representative government in the American colonies