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Romeo and Juliet

Romeo and Juliet. Introduction. William Shakespeare The Globe Theater Elizabethian Era. ENGLAND. Shakespeare Background. 1563-1616 Stratford-on-Avon, England Wrote 37 plays that are considered Histories, Comedies, or Tragedies 154 sonnets S tarted out as an actor.

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Romeo and Juliet

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  1. Romeo and Juliet

  2. Introduction William Shakespeare The Globe Theater Elizabethian Era

  3. ENGLAND

  4. Shakespeare Background • 1563-1616 • Stratford-on-Avon, England • Wrote • 37 plays that are considered Histories, Comedies, or Tragedies • 154 sonnets • Started out as an actor

  5. Marriage and Life in London • 1582 at age 18 married Anne Hathaway • 1583-1592 ??? • 1592 (28 years old) went to London • actor and playwright • first accused of borrowing from other playwrights • 1592-1594 Plague

  6. Shakespeare Prospers • 1598 built Globe Theatre • Owned shares in it • Father granted a coat-of-arms • Gentlemen • Recognized as a genius in his own time

  7. Globe Theatre

  8. Death and Burial at Stratford • 1610 retired from theatre • 1613 Globe theatre burns down • lost much money but still wealthy • helps rebuild Globe theatre • Dies on April 23, 1616 at age 52

  9. Shakespeare’s Grave

  10. Bust over WS’sGrave

  11. Shakespeare Memorial over the grave • “Good friend for Jesus sake forbearTo dig the dust enclosed here!Blest be the man that spares these stones,And curst be he that moves my bones. • Attributed to Shakespeare

  12. Did Shakespeare really write his plays? • Many believe it is impossible for Shakespeare to have written his plays • Lacks heights and depths of passion • Could not learn aristocratic sports and manners • Lacked schooling • So who did? • Edward de Vere, Earl of Oxford • Sir Francis Bacon • Groups/Partners

  13. Shakespeare’s Plots and Characters • First reading =quick • Second reading=more leisurely • Plots=romantic, poetic, farfetched, imaginative, supernatural • Characters=realistic, alive, three dimensional, powerful and eternally true

  14. Shakespeare as a Dramatist • Objective of Plays= give pleasure • Fanciful, imaginative plays • Audience= everyday people, uneducated, wanted to escape • Wrote in verse=free use of words

  15. The Stage Influences on Shakespeare’s Methods • Open, free stage=quick changes, rapid action • Encourages speechmaking, passionate soliloquies • No women actors • Only day time light= speeches about time, season and weather • (Macbeth=40 such speeches) • Closeness of different classes

  16. Shakespeare as an Elizabethan • Queen Elizabeth reigned (1558-1603) • Emerging from the Middle Ages into the Renaissance • Age was extravagant and brutal • elaborate, ornate clothing, language and manners • language was growing fast • middle class (stern, moral, and independent)

  17. Elizabeth I Symbolizes the Age • Queen Elizabeth Glory of England • To people, she represented beauty and greatness • one of the most powerful countries in the world

  18. Drama in the Elizabethan Age • After defeating the Spanish Armada, England became intensely interested in the past. (Patriotic) Historical plays thrived. • Playwrights were practical men, bent on making a living • Plays were written to be acted, not read. • Once a playwright sold his manuscript, he had no personal right to it.

  19. The Elizabethian Theater • Round, wooden, roofless building • Three galleries of seats • Pit (no seats) cost a penny “groundlings” • Main stage • 40 feet wide • 27 feet projection into the pit • Recessed inner stage (curtains and balcony) • Music Room • Heaven and a Hell

  20. Elizabethan Words • An, and: If • Anon: Soon • Aye: Yes • But: Except for • E’en: Even • E’er: Ever • Haply: Perhaps • Happy: Fortunate • Hence: Away, from her • Hie: Hurry • Marry: Indeed • Whence: Where • Wilt: Will, will you • Withal: In addition to • Would: Wish

  21. Romeo and Juliet • Written about 1595 • Considered a tragedy • West Side Story (Movie) based on R&J • Setting is in Verona, Italy

  22. Literary Terms

  23. Types of Poetry in R & J Blank Verse Prose • Much of R & J is written in it: • unrhymed verse • iambic (unstressed, stressed) • pentameter( 5 “feet” to a line) • ends up to be 10 syllable lines • Ordinary writing that is not poetry, drama, or song • Only characters in the lower social classes speak this way in Shakespeare’s plays

  24. Types of Characters Round Flat • Have many personality traits, like real people • One-dimensional, embodying only a single trait • Shakespeare often uses them to provide comic relief even in a tragedy

  25. Monologue • One person speaking on stage • may be other character on stage too • ex the Prince of Verona commanding the Capulets and Montagues to cease feuding

  26. Aside • Words spoken, usually in an undertone not intended to be heard by all characters

  27. Direct Address • Words that tell the reader who is being addressed: • “A right fair mark, fair coz, is soonest hit.” • “Ah, my mistresses, which of you all/ Will now deny to dance?”

  28. Types of Irony Verbal Irony Situational Irony • Words used to suggest the opposite of what is meant • An event occurs that directly contradicts the expectations of the characters, the reader, or the audience

  29. Act I

  30. Vocabulary I • Adversary • Discreet • Nuptial • Posterity • Purged • For each word you will create a Vocab Block • Each block contains • Definition (Found on page 18) • Sentence from Book • Your own sentence • Picture representing the word

  31. Literary Elements I Use info Pgs 86 & 87 • A foil is a ______ who has qualities that are in sharp contrast to another character, thus ____ the traits of each. • How is Mercutio a foil to Romeo? • Foreshadowingrefers to hints in the text about_____. • What examples of foreshadowing do you find in the Prologue and in Scene iv of Act I? • Hyperbole means _________________________________. • A pun is a play on _______________ that have similar sounds but more than one possible _________________. • Good drama has conflict: struggle between ______ forces. • What are some examples of conflict you have seen so far?

  32. Discussion Questions I • Summarize the events in scene i. • Why does Romeo come across as sad when talking with Benvolio? • What role to women play based on what you read in scene iii. • What kind of friend would you say Mercutio is to Romeo based on what you read in scene iv? • How many lines do Romeo and Juliet say to each other before they kiss? Why is this significant? • Explain the conversation between Tybalt and Lord Capulet in Scene v. What does this reveal about Tybalt’s character?

  33. Character Relationships Prince of Verona Additional Characters • Prince of Verona • Kinsman to the Prince • Kinsman to the Prince • Rosaline • Friar Lawrence • Paris

  34. Character Relationships Cont. The House of the Capulets The House of the Montagues • Main Character  • Head of Household • Wife • Nephew to Lady Capulet • Juliet’s Care Giver • Servants to Capulet • Servant to Juliet’s Nurse • Main Character  • Head of Household • Wife • Servant to Romeo • Friends of Romeo • Nephew of Lord Montague

  35. Act II

  36. Vocabulary II • Chided • Confounds • Driveling • Lamentable • Perjuries • Rancor • Repose • Sallow • For each word you will create a Vocab Block • Each block contains • Definition (page 90) • Sentence from Book • Your own sentence • Picture representing the word

  37. Literary Elements II Use info Pgs 152 & 153 • A metaphor is a direct __ ____ of ______ things. • Explain the metaphor that is used by Juliet on page 104. • Imagery refers to language that appeals to the __________________. • Shakespeare allows his characters to reveal their ______________ to the audience through speeches called soliloquies. • Discuss the meanings in Friar Lawrence’s soliloquy on page 114. • A malapropism is a ________ mistake uttered by certain __________.

  38. Discussion Questions II • Summarize Act II Scene i. • Romeo is professing his love in scene ii. What lines help the audience know that Juliet has some reservations about how genuine he is? • What is Friar Lawrence’s motive to go ahead and marry Romeo and Juliet? • Based on the conversation between Romeo and the Nurse in scene iv, how would you characterize the nurse? Why? • What was Juliet’s excuse to leave and marry Romeo?

  39. Act III

  40. Vocabulary III • Civil • Digressing • Jocund • Monarch • Plague • Reconcile • Renowned • For each word you will create a Vocab Block • Each block contains • Definition (page 156) • Sentence from Book • Your own sentence • Picture representing the word

  41. Literary Elements III Use info Pg 223 • A theme is the underlying _____________ or ________________ of a work of literature. • An oxymoron occurs when _____________________ words are paired.

  42. Discussion Questions III • Why does Romeo first refuse to fight Tybalt? • Who do you think is to blame for the fight between Mercutio and Tybalt? Why? • Explain why Romeo chooses to fight Tybalt after all. In your opinion, was he justified in killing Tybalt? Why or why not? • Explain Lord Capulet’s plan. Do you think he has his daughter’s best interest in mind? Why or why not? • The Nurse advises Juliet to forget about Romeo and to marry Paris. Does this advice surprise you? Why or why not?

  43. DQ Cont. 6. Review the Friar’s plan beginning on page 193. In the table below, list each step of the plan in the left column and the things that could go wrong in the right column. Things that Could go Wrong • Step 1 • Step 2 • Step 3 • Step 4

  44. Act IV

  45. Vocabulary IV • Arbitrating • Distraught • Entreat • Immoderately • Resolution • Solace • Spited • For each word you will create a Vocab Block • Each block contains • Definition (page 226) • Sentence from Book • Your own sentence • Picture representing the word

  46. Literary Elements IV Use info Pgs 264 & 265 • Shakespeare often adds _________________________ to his more serious plays. • Describe the comic relief in scene v and what purpose it serves. • An allusion is a reference to a _________figure, happening, or _____________ that is meant to ________________ the meaning of the story.   • Dramatic Irony occurs when the ________ knows more than some of the ______________ in the play. • List two or three examples of dramatic irony in Act IV. • Personification means giving _____________ to nonhuman things or objects.

  47. Discussion Questions IV • What is your opinion of Paris? Use details from the play to support your opinion. • Why do you think Friar Lawrence would ask Juliet to carry out a dangerous plan instead of just going to her parents and explaining that she is already married to Romeo? • Describe Juliet’s thoughts from her soliloquy beginning on page 245 just before she takes the potion.

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