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Cell Transport: Understanding Passive and Active Transport Mechanisms

Learn about the selective permeability of cell membranes, the types of passive transport (diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis), and the types of active transport (transport proteins, endocytosis, and exocytosis).

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Cell Transport: Understanding Passive and Active Transport Mechanisms

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  1. Cell Transportchap. 7-3 https://www.pinterest.com/pin/225039312606126463/

  2. I. Cell Membrane 1) POLAR ends faceINSIDE & OUTSIDEcell [where water is] 2) NONPOLAR tails faceeach other inside bilayer [to avoid water]

  3. Outside of cell Carbohydrate chains Proteins Cell membrane Protein channel Inside of cell (cytoplasm) Lipid bilayer

  4. http://www.bioteach.ubc.ca/Bio-industry/Inex/

  5. 3) FUNCTION: SELECTIVE PERMEABILITY= allows only certain materials to go into & out of cell

  6. a.Why doesn’t the cell membrane let everything through? HOMEOSTASIS! - Cells maintain a stable environment by controlling what enters & leaves.

  7. II. Cellular Transport – Two Major Types (Passive & Active Transport) • Passive Transport= moves molecules across cell mem. using NO ENERGY • Movement going with the concentration gradient(normal flow)

  8. A. Types of Passive Transport • Diffusion – molecules move from HIGH conc. to LOW conc. • a. Small molecules: O2, CO2 • b. Slow process

  9. Passive Transport Video Clip https://www.pinterest.com/pin/225039312606104881/

  10. PROBLEM for Cells?Cell membranes areSELECTIVELY PERMEABLE

  11. 2. Facilitated Diffusion – movement of molecules with help of a carrier protein

  12. Moves large molecules • like Glucose and Fructose (C6H12O6) b. Faster than diffusion

  13. http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/homeostasis.html

  14. 3. Osmosis– diffusion of WATERacross cell membrane * H2O moves to area with LESS WATER

  15. a. Direction of Osmosis: 1) Hypotonic Solution = H2O moves INTO cell & CELLEXPANDS

  16. 2) Hypertonic Solution= H2O moves OUT OF cell & CELLSHRINKS

  17. 3) Isotonic Solution= H2O moves INTO & OUT OF cell & cell staysNORMAL SIZE

  18. * EQUILIBRIUM = concentration of molecules is same everywhere * Molecules never stop moving – even at equilibrium

  19. 2. 2nd Type of Transport  Active Transport moves molecules across cell membrane using ENERGY

  20. B. Types of Active Transport 1. TransportProteins: in membrane- move substances from low to high conc. (opposite of how it wants to move)

  21. 2.Endocytosis = cell surrounds & ingests materials fromOUTSIDEtoINSIDE cell using VESICLES

  22. http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/homeostasis.html

  23. a. Steps: 1) membrane folds in & forms pocket 2) Pocket closes & pinches off in cell vesicle 3) vesicle fuses w/ organelles to release contents

  24. b. Two Types of Endocytosis: • Phagocytosis– LARGEparticles(food) or wholeCELLS(bacteria) into cell • 2) Pinocytosis– large amounts of liquids/ fluids into cell

  25. 3. Exocytosis –releases large amounts of material to theOUTSIDE of the cell using VESICLES

  26. a. Steps: • Vesicle forms, travels to & fuses w/ cell mem. • Vesicle opens to outside & releases contents

  27. http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/homeostasis.html

  28. Video clip

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