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CELL TRANSPORT

CELL TRANSPORT. Courtesy of: http://www.prcity.com. Fluid Mosaic Model. Courtesy of: http://bio1151b.nicerweb.net/Locked/media/ch07/. Fluid Mosaic Model. Hydrophilic Heads. Hydrophobic tails. Courtesy of: http://bio1151b.nicerweb.net. Hydrophilic (water loving/ attracted to)

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CELL TRANSPORT

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  1. CELL TRANSPORT Courtesy of: http://www.prcity.com

  2. Fluid Mosaic Model Courtesy of: http://bio1151b.nicerweb.net/Locked/media/ch07/

  3. Fluid Mosaic Model Hydrophilic Heads Hydrophobic tails Courtesy of: http://bio1151b.nicerweb.net

  4. Hydrophilic (water loving/ attracted to) - phosphate heads Hydrophobic (water fearing/ Repelling) lipid tails Effects of polarity on permeability Polarity Courtesy of: http://img.sparknotes.comf

  5. Polarity Courtesy of: http://liquidbio.pbworks.com/f/phospholipid.jpg

  6. Types of Transport Courtesy of: http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.

  7. Passive Transport • No energy (ATP) needed • High to low concentration • simple diffusion • facilitated diffusion • osmosis Courtesy of: http://www.arthursclipart.org

  8. Simple diffusion • Process by which molecules of a substance move from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration. Courtesy of: http://www.dorlingkindersley-uk.co.uk

  9. Diffusion • first a concentration gradient is necessary, • diffusion occurs moving from higher to lower concentration • results in dynamic equilibrium,then • equal particles keep moving in each direction, no further change in concentration

  10. Osmosis • The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane Courtesyof:http://www.hansonvanvleet.com

  11. Courtesy of: http://people.eku.edu

  12. Solutions • Hypotonic: below strength • solutions having lower concentrations of solutes outside the cell • Example: 15% salt outside of the cell and 20% inside. Which way will the water diffuse? • water leaves solution and goes into cell • Hypertonic: above strength • solutions having higher concentrations of solutes outside the cell • Example: 70% H2O inside the cell and 40% salt outside of the cell. • water leaves cells and goes into solution • Isotonic: equal strength • Solutions having equal concentrations of solutes inside and outside the cell • the same amount of water leaves the cell as the water that enters the cell

  13. Animal Cells (red blood cells) Courtesy of: http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://bio1151b.nicerweb.netnA.jpg&imgrefurl=http://bio1151b.nicerweb.net

  14. Osmotic Pressure • pressure exerted on hypertonic side of a semipermeable membrane • necessary to achieve equilibrium

  15. Plant Cells Courtesy of: http://bio1151b.nicerweb.net/Locked/media/ch07/water_balance-plants.html

  16. Turgor Pressure • main pressure of cell contents against the cell wall • determined by water content of the vacuole, resulting from osmotic pressure

  17. More on Plant Cell Osmosis • Turgid: • when in dilute solutions, • plant cell is swollen and hard • pressure is so high, no more water can enter • pressure works against osmosis • makes plants stand up • Flaccid • when in concentrated solutions • plant wilts • Plasmolyzed: • plasma membrane pulls away from cell wall due to loss of water • cell wall eventually collapses if not placed in a hypotonic solution

  18. Facilitated Diffusion • Carrier molecules (protein channels) assist in moving large particles from a high concentration to a low concentration • These particles fit through the membrane but are assisted Courtesy of: http://images.clipartof.com

  19. Facilitated Diffusion Courtesy of: http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://bio1151b.nicerweb.net

  20. energy needed moving from low to high concentration moving against the concentration gradient Active Transport Courtesy of: http://www.google.com/imgres

  21. Active Transport Courtesy of: http://bio1151b.nicerweb.net

  22. Endocytosis • process of taking material into the cell by means of infoldings of the cell membrane • these “pockets” break loose from the outer portion of the cell membrane and forms a vacuole (inside cytoplasm) • phagocytosis and pinocytosis

  23. Endocytosis Courtesy of: http://www.psc.edu

  24. Phagoyctosis • cell eating • extensions of cytoplasm surround a particle and package it within a food vacuole • the cell engulfs it • considered active transport • requires energy

  25. Phagocytosis Courtesy of: http://www.mrothery.co.uk/images/Image79.gif

  26. Pinocytosis • cell drinking • cells take up liquid from the surrounding environment • small pockets form along cell membrane • pockets fill with liquid • pockets pinch off to form vacuoles inside the cell

  27. Pinocytosis Courtesy of: http://media.photobucket.com

  28. Exocytosis • cells release large amounts of material from the cell • membrane of the vacuole surrounding material to be released fuses with cell membrane • forces material out of the cell

  29. Courtesy of: http://www.linkpublishing.com

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