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What’s in BLOOD?

Learn about the different components of blood and their functions. Discover how water and dissolved substances make up plasma, while formed elements like red and white blood cells, as well as platelets, play crucial roles in our body.

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What’s in BLOOD?

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  1. What’s in BLOOD? Probably more than you think.

  2. We have a little over 5 liters (6 quarts) of blood coursing through our entire body - non-stop. In many parts of our body it is under high pressure. BLOOD = mostly??????

  3. WATER • The liquid portion of blood is called PLASMA • It makes up 55% of the volume of blood • 92% of Plasma = water • The remaining amount = dissolved substances

  4. Dissolved Substances • Nutrients, such as glucose and amino acids • Waste products • Hormones = chemical messengers • Dissolved ions, (dissociated from salts) • Including sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium

  5. Dissolved Substances (still) • Proteins • Antibodies • Clotting factors (fibrin) • Albumins & Globulins – Transport assist molecules

  6. Formed Elements • Erythrocytes • Red blood cells • Leukocytes • White blood cells • Thrombocytes • platelets

  7. RBC’s • Carry respiratory gasses – O2 & CO2 • Account for 99% of all blood cells • 1/3 of all cells in the human body = RBC • Each adult has between 60 and 75 trillion

  8. RBC’s (continued) • Disc-like (donut like) shape • Enucleate • Packed with the oxygen carrying molecule hemoglobin which contains a good deal of Iron • Contain the surface proteins that determine blood type

  9. WBC’s • Roughly one WBC for every 700 RBC • Larger than RBC • Fight off disease and foreign invaders • Many different types performing a variety of different roles in the immune response

  10. WBC’s (continued) • Produce antibodies (which is forensically important because they are the other half of the blood typing issue) • The part of blood – DNA source for DNA profiling • First case of DNA evidence used in forensics in 1982 came from white blood cells

  11. PLATELETS • Platelets + proteins (termed clotting factors) = leak control • Not really cells, but cell fragments • Smaller and much less numerous than RBCs

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