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Spanish and Portuguese Colonies

Spanish and Portuguese Colonies. 15-2. Controlling Spanish Territory. Spain controls land from California to South America Wanted strict control (From Spain) Council of Indies Passed laws for colonies Viceroys (Representatives who ruled in the King’s name)

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Spanish and Portuguese Colonies

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  1. Spanish and Portuguese Colonies 15-2

  2. Controlling Spanish Territory • Spain controls land from California to South America • Wanted strict control (From Spain) • Council of Indies • Passed laws for colonies • Viceroys (Representatives who ruled in the King’s name) • Helped by lesser officials and audiencias

  3. Trade Items • Silver and gold from Spanish America to Spain • Colonists could only export to Spain • Colonists could only buy Spanish goods • Sugar cane • Had to be grown on plantations which means you need workers

  4. Econmienda • Right to demand labor or tribute from Native Americans = Forced labor • Used in mines (Silver) and plantations • Cruel treatment, disease and exhaustion

  5. Society and Culture • Peninsulares – Born in Spain • Creoloes – American-born descendants of Spanish settlers • Mestizos – Mix of Native American and European • Mulattoes – Mix of African and European • Native Americans and Africans

  6. Privateers • Pirates who operate with approval of European governments • Why • Spain was most powerful country because of Americans • Portugal is second • Strict control over goods = Smuggling from English, French and Dutch • Pirates attack ships headed for Spain and Portugal from Americas

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