The Spanish Colonies

1. The Spanish Colonies Chapter 4 Lesson 1 Pages 148 - 152

2. NEW SPAIN

3. Overview • Explorers sent • Would claim the land they set foot on for hundreds of miles • Once they began to explore – no one left behind to protect their claim

4. Competition • Land claimed by several countries – no one paid attention to others claims • Spain had claimed land, but quickly learned claiming land is different from controlling land. • They needed to protect from other European countries and Native Americans

5. COLONIES Land ruled by another country

6. Spanish Colonies • Spain the first to start colonies to protect land and govern people • NEW SPAIN – formed 1535 – Most land in Mexico (capital was Mexico City) • Also included islands in the Caribbean Sea and the Spanish lands north of what is today Panama

9. http://panama.america-atlas.com/pictures/panama-map.jpg

10. http://caribbean-direct.com/home%20page%20images/CaribbeanMapCarte.jpghttp://caribbean-direct.com/home%20page%20images/CaribbeanMapCarte.jpg

11. Spanish Forts built to protect claims

12. SLAVERY

13. Slavery in the Americas • As gold & silver found – more Europeans came to settle in the colonies • Others came to start large farms called PLANTATIONS • To the south of New Spain – Portugal formed the colony of Brazil

14. http://eorr.home.netcom.com/EMO/images/map_brazil.gif

15. SLAVERY practice of holding people against their will

16. WHY? • Spain & Portugal needed workers: • Crops • Mine gold & silver • Forced Native Americans • Many died from hunger & disease

17. BARTOLOME de LAS CASAS • Landowner later became Priest • Upset how slaves were treated • He freed his slaves • Then spent his year speaking against slavery

18. Shortage of Slaves • As thousands of Native Americans dies more slaves needed • Colonists captured Africans • Most taken to Brazil or the Caribbean

19. BORDERLANDS Areas of land on or near the borders between countries, colonies, or regions

20. Goal with Borderlands • Protect the Spanish empire • Spanish king chose leaders to govern settlements • Colonists did not have any say over their leaders • Missionaries sent by king to convert Native Americans to Christianity

21. St. Augustine • Spanish built the FIRST permanent European settlement in the U.S. • Located at St. Augustine, Florida

22. PRESIDIOS Forts

23. MISSIONS Religious settlements

24. Santa Fe • 1610 – Spanish missionaries helped settle Santa Fe • Santa Fe – capital of the New Mexico Colony

25. El Camino Real • “The Royal Road • Connected settlements to Mexico City

27. Missions built all along the road.

28. Life in the Borderlands • At first – some Native Americans chose to stay at the missions. • Some were forced to work on the farms and ranches • They fought back – tearing down churches and other buildings

29. HACIENDAS LARGE HOMES OR ESTATES

30. HORSES • Had been extinct in the Americas • Brought back and it helped change Native American lives • Hunted • War

31. SUMMARY • In the 1500’s, explorers often paid no attention to other countries claims to lands • Spain tried to hold on to its claims by setting up colonies • Spanish needed workers, so they enslaved Native Americans and Africans