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Portuguese and Spanish Exploration

Portuguese and Spanish Exploration. Life on the Ships . Journeys could take years, they usually only traveled 100 miles a day (about an hour and a half of driving). Some sailors were forced to join ship crews. Many men got sick from diseases such as scurvy.

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Portuguese and Spanish Exploration

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  1. Portuguese and Spanish Exploration

  2. Life on the Ships • Journeys could take years, they usually only traveled 100 miles a day (about an hour and a half of driving). • Some sailors were forced to join ship crews. • Many men got sick from diseases such as scurvy. • The minimum age for sailors was 16, but sometimes kids as young as 7 or 8 would help out.

  3. Line of Demarcation: The Catholic Pope decided to split the ‘unexplored’ territories between the Spanish and the Portuguese.

  4. Portuguese Exploration Access to commodities such as fabrics, spices, and gold motivated a European quest for a faster means to reach South Asia.

  5. Why were the Portuguese so successful? • Geographical Location • Portugal had a lot of ports (port: coastal towns created for trade) • Stable monarchy that could pay explorers

  6. Due to several technological and cultural advantages, Portugal dominated world trade for nearly 200 years.

  7. Prince Henry the Navigator http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hxibDYKJUfU Portuguese Sailors

  8. Prince Henry’s goal was to make Spain more rich and powerful. At his school of navigation, Prince Henry brought together cartographers, astronomers, sea captains and geographers. 13 Years after the founding of the school, the students were finally ready to set sail and explore the coast of Africa.

  9. Spanish Exploration By the end of the 1600’s…

  10. Spanish Explorers

  11. What did Magellan prove? • The world is round • The Earth has more water than land. • The Americas were truly lands that Europeans had not yet seen.

  12. Some Spaniards like to explore and discover new places. Others– the conquistadores, or conquerors– wanted gold and glory. Jesuit missionaries wanted to convert native Americans to change their religion and become Catholics.

  13. Spaniards came to Central and South America for… • God • Gold • Glory

  14. Incan Empire

  15. Spanish take over Incan Empire • The Conquistadors kidnapped the Incan Emperor. The Incan people offered to fill a large room with gold if they could have their emperor back. They filled a large room with gold but the Conquistadors did not return the emperor. • Instead, the Spanish executed the emperor. The Incan people accepted Spanish rule in 1535.

  16. Aztec Empire

  17. Aztec Empire • The Spanish Conquistadors met a woman who spoke many tribal languages. They met with the tribes that the Aztecs had conquered and asked them for help. • With the help of the Aztec enemies, the Spaniards defeated the Aztec Empire.

  18. Guns, Germs and Steel http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TgYZ6gfqslQ

  19. European Voyages of Exploration: The Portuguese Empire. 9 October 2013. http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/eurvoya/portuguese.html The Portuguese in Africa, 1415-1600. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 9 October 2013. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/agex/hd_agex.htm Age of Exploration. My Social Studies Class. 9 October 2013. http://www.mysocialstudiesclass.com/AGEOFEXPLORATION.pdf

  20. Asia’s Reactions to European Exploration

  21. India Europeans arrived in India and convinced the India's emperor to trade with them. Under Emperor Akbar’s rule, the Indians and the Europeans were equals.

  22. India India traded with Europe under Akbar’s rule.

  23. China China sold a lot of goods to Europeans such as spices, silk and porcelain but they did not find many European goods that interested them. The Chinese made a lot of money from the Europeans because they did not spend much money.

  24. China had a trade surplus

  25. China To avoid the Europeans influencing Chinese culture, the Chinese carefully regulated, or watched, trade. There were specific times each day that Europeans were allowed to trade and Europeans were NOT allowed to live in China.

  26. China China benefitted, they got a lot of gold and silver, and had a trade surplus. Trade was carefully controlled.

  27. Japan Traded for a little while and then decided they were not interested in what Europeans had to offer so they stopped trade.

  28. Japanese portrayal of Portuguese traders

  29. Japan Japan took the things they liked from the Europeans and then stopped all trade.

  30. Slave Trade 1415-1600, African exports consisted primarily of gold, ivory, and pepper. However, over 175,000 slaves were also taken to Europe and the Americas during this period.

  31. Encomienda System “A system used by the Spanish to colonize parts of Mexico and Central and South America. Under this system the King granted a person, usually a conquistador or colonist, a specific number of natives whom they were to instruct in the Catholic faith. In return, the grant holder could extract payment from the natives in the form of labor, gold, crops, and livestock. Essentially, conquistadors were granted trusteeship over the indigenous people they conquered. Although the New Laws of 1542 sought to abolish the system after a few generations, in parts of Spanish America, the encomienda persisted well into the eighteenth century” http://www.pbs.org/kcet/when-worlds-collide/resources/glossary.html

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