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INSTITUTE OF AQUACULTURE

INSTITUTE OF AQUACULTURE. HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH. By M.N. Alexis. GREEK FINFISH MARICULTURE 12 years of EU / mediterranean leadership (about 50 % of production) thanks to adequate strategical / political / environmental choices and dynamism of farmers.

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INSTITUTE OF AQUACULTURE

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  1. INSTITUTE OF AQUACULTURE HELLENIC CENTRE FOR MARINE RESEARCH By M.N. Alexis

  2. GREEK FINFISH MARICULTURE 12 years of EU / mediterranean leadership (about 50 % of production) thanks to adequate strategical / political / environmental choices and dynamism of farmers - Matching technique / species with environment - Low input / density sea cage ongrowing - Low input / density hatchery ==> HIGH MARKET COMPETITIVITY GREECE 260

  3. INSTITUTE OF AQUACULTURE The Instituteis one of the five Institutes of HCMR and has been created by the unification ofthe Departments of Aquaculture of NCMR and IMBC, in Athens and Crete. The basic objective of the Institute is to develop original scientific and technological research and also promote applications in the Aquaculture and related areas. The Research performed concerns the understanding of the biological basis of Aquaculture and the development and optimization of tools and technologies of production for all the stages of the rearing cycle. This Research leads to scientific and technological applications, the development and transfer of technology and know-how as well as the development of new research personnel.

  4. STRATEGY / METHOD A classicpush / pulledintegrated R.T.D. approach PROBLEMS / DEMAND RESEARCH Scientific Community Innovation Knowledge Services Products Improvement Validation Education Training Studies Advises Pilot scale Production Sector Political Level

  5. RESEARCH PRIORITIES 1- Fry production 1 - Reproduction mechanisms and control 2 - Biology and control of fish development 3 - Ontogeny of behavior and applications (feeding, etc) 2- Improvements in production parameters and fish quality 1- Fish nutrition and feeding 2- Fish pathology stress and immunology 3- Fish flesh quality and standards 3- Technologies of production and Technological- Biotechnological products 1- Hatchery technologies and larviculture 2- Automations for classical production cycle 3- Open sea rearing 4- Microalgae 4- Aquaculture and environment

  6. Fry rearingReproductionmechanisms and Control • Research subjects • Fish reproductive cycle (maturation, ovulation) • Influence of environment (mainly thermoperiod and photoperiod) • Use of hormonal implants and injections • Sperm and eggs quality (embryonic and pre-larval development) • Special case of Blue fin Tuna and other big fishes (size problem) • Special studies for new species (re-initiation of general approach) • Actions on the cycle (sex differentiation, early puberty and maturation) • Broodstock genetic improvement (HCMR + University and other partners) Applications • Production of good quality eggs all year around • New species • Production of fish of improved growth potential

  7. Fry rearing Biology and Control of Fish Development Research subjects • Description of normal embryogenesis and larval development • Somatic plasticity and abnormalities (==> absence of deformities) • Links with environment (temperature, currents, etc) and technology • Genetic and gene expression (in collaboration with other groups) • Study of specific problems like: Coloration (Pagrus) Sexual differentiation (sea bass) Growth and quality of flesh • Applications • Production of good quality larvae of optimum growth potential • New species

  8. Fry rearing Behaviour and Applications • Ontogeny and quality of basic behaviors • Normality - abnormality • Plasticity and adaptation • Relation with age and environment (temperature, light, food, fish density) • Relations inter and intra specific of similar and different sizes • Moments and capacity of learning and conditioning • Target studies of specific important behaviors • Feeding preferences (quantity, size, frequence, color) and adaptations (or not) • Swimming, repartition, schooling • Agressivity and cannibalism • Applications • Previsions of evolution, aetiology, correlations between behaviors • Tank organisation and management • Sorting devices of abnormal animals (swimblader, opercul) and mode of use • Self-feeders and self-choice • Behavioral illness Collaborations with: labs. of psychophysiology / neurophysiology (brain)

  9. Improvements in production-quality Fish Nutritionand Feeding • Research subjects • Nutritional requirements (Vitamins, Fatty acids, Protein / Energy levels, • Amino acids • Evaluation of raw material quality (Composition, digestibility) • Fish meal and fish oil replacement • Growth inhibitors and their effects on fish • Feed preferences and capacity for adaptation • Effect of feed pellet characteristics on feeding • Applications • Formulation of nutritionaly balanced diets for Mediterranean species • Evaluation of quality of commercial diets • Feeding tables, optimization of feeding • Demand feeders

  10. Improvements in production-quality Fish Pathology • Research subjects • Stress indices of fish and effect of stress on health status • Antibiotic treatment of sea bass and sea bream • Occurrence of pathogens in Greek Aquaculture • Fish immune system and effects of nutrition • Applications • Prevention:Suitable feeds, good management practice • Treatment: Correct diagnosis, correct use of antibiotics

  11. Improvements in production-quality Quality of Fish Flesh • Research subjects • Chemical, organoleptic and microbiological changes during storage • Comparison of wild and cultured fish • Effect of diet and feeding on fish composition and organoleptic • Dietary additives to improve quality • Withdrawal time for antibiotics • Applications • Food for tailorisation of fish quality (color, texture, • structure, composition) • Healthy fish food • Consumer standards

  12. Technology-ProductsHatchery technologies and larviculture Research subjects • Larval rearing (extensive, mesocosm and intensive) endo trophic endoexotrophic, exotrophic phases • Weaning (co-feeding, early weaning , weaning) • Nursery Applications • new species • SME • possible tool for repopulation

  13. Technology-ProductsAutomations for all the production cycle Product development (through other research priorities) • Self feeders • Equipment for measuring environmental parameters • Automated feeding systems for hatcheries (live food) and cages • Continuous production systems for rotifers Applications: • Cage farms • Hatcheries

  14. Technology-ProductsMicroalgae • Research subjects Mechanisms of photosynthesis Mixed conditions of feeding Development of photobioreactors • Applications • Production in photo-bioreactors • Biomass for Aquaculture Fine chemical Industry- Cosmetics Human consumption

  15. Technology-ProductsOpen sea cages Research subjects • Automated systems for management Feeding Fish manipulation Monitoring of fish populations • Species specific methodology for large size fish Applications • Aquaculture diversification • Reduction of coastal zone conflicts

  16. Aquaculture and Environment Research subjects • Prediction models and remediation (in collaboration with other groups) • Fish feeds with minimal environmental discharges • Feeding management • Effect of aquaculture practices on marine microbial load • Interaction of aquaculture and wild fish populations Applications • Fish feed Industry • Aquaculture units • Public authorities

  17. SERVICES & PRODUCTS Basic activity of the Institute aimed at fish farms, feed companies, Feed additive suppliers, technology brokers • Needs • Limited ability to perform analytical work by the Industry • Lack of a National Reference laboratory Type of support 1- Provision of essential living material for hatcheries and on growing 2- Diagnostic procedures in pathology, fry quality, flesh quality, water quality 3- Special studies needed by individual initiatives ISO, HACCP 4- Test of industrial products used in aquaculture 5- Special research programs for solution of local (biological or technological) problems 6- Transfer of technology to farms and training of staff

  18. INSTALLATIONS • Aqualab, Gournes Crete • Experimental Station, Aghios Kosmas Attiki • Aquarium, Gournes Crete • KALYPSO Technological Park, Souda Crete

  19. KALYPSO TECHNOLOGICAL PARK An infrastructure for optimization of innovations in marine aquaculture, generation/ incubation of related start up, test of products and training Partnership • - HCMR (inst. Aq) • - NIREUS S.A. • ZENON S.A. • ANEK lines • Coperative Bank of Chania • Coperative Bank of Heraclion • - University of Crete • - Polytechnic Chania • - Souda community Five activities New species Blue fin Tuna culture Microalgae Technological Products Feeds

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