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Breeds of Beef Cattle

Breeds of Beef Cattle. The Beef Industry. Produces 45% of all livestock cash receipts. An average person may consume 100 or more lbs. Of beef per year. Most beef eaten in the USA is raised in the USA The state of Texas leads in the # of beef animals produced. Why Raise Beef Cattle?.

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Breeds of Beef Cattle

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  1. Breeds of Beef Cattle

  2. The Beef Industry • Produces 45% of all livestock cash receipts. • An average person may consume 100 or more lbs. Of beef per year. • Most beef eaten in the USA is raised in the USA • The state of Texas leads in the # of beef animals produced.

  3. Why Raise Beef Cattle? • Cattle consume roughage & may graze pasture. • Less labor than other industries, such as dairy • Beef cattle do not need to essentially be fed every single day. • Useful in both large and small operations. • Meat ”beef” is in constant demand by consumers .

  4. Disadvantages to raising beef cattle… • A producer can take on several risks by raising beef cattle. • Dependence on grain prices. • Dependence on mother nature. • Beef cattle are not as efficient growers as other livestock – pigs. • A beef cow has a gestation period of 283-days – can only get one offspring in one year. • Cost of starting a beef operation is expensive. • Cattle, equipment, facilities/land, etc.

  5. Angus • History: • Originated from Scotland. • Imported to Kansas in 1873. • Suited well to Midwestern climate. • Today are found in every state in the USA. • Breed Characteristics • Black in color, smooth hair coat; also Red Angus • Polled • Good carcass with well-marbled meat

  6. Angus

  7. Charolais • History • One of the oldest French breeds; central France. • Imported to Mexico in 1930. • Then imported to Texas in 1936 • Breed Characteristics • White to light blonde in color, pink skin • Large and very well-muscled • Horned • Bulls: 2,000-2,500 lbs.; cows: 1,500-1,800 lbs

  8. Charolais

  9. Chianina • Pronounced “Kee-ah-nee-na” • History • Originated from Italy, one of the oldest in the world. • Semen was imported to the USA in 1971. • Breed Characteristics • Black skin, originally white fur with black switch. • BIG! • Bulls - up to 4,000 lbs., 6 feet tall at withers. • Cows - up to 2,400 lbs., 5 feet tall at withers. • Improve growth rate if used in cross breeding. • Polled

  10. Chianina

  11. Hereford (horned & polled) • History • Originated in Hereford, England; polled in Iowa, 1901. • First USA herd (horned) in New York in 1840. • Breed Characteristics • White faces with red, curled hair. • horned • Very hardy and excellent foragers. • White pattern is dominant in cross breeding.

  12. Hereford

  13. Polled Hereford

  14. Limousin • History • Originated in France 7,000 years ago. • Breed Association formed in 1886. • Semen imported to USA from Canada in 1968. • Breed Characteristics • Light yellow color with lighter circles around eyes. • Light colored skin. • Lean carcasses with large loin eye area. • Polled

  15. Limousin

  16. Shorthorn (polled and horned) • History • Originated in northern England, about 1600. • Imported to Virginia in 1783. • Breed Characteristics • Red, White, or roan (mix of red and white) coat. • Docile breed • Excellent milking capability. • Polled or horned

  17. Shorthorn

  18. Shorthorn Bull

  19. Brahman • History • Developed in southwestern USA. • Closely related to Zebu, or Bos indicus cattle (India). • Used mostly for crossbreeding. • Breed Characteristics • Characteristic “hump” over shoulder. • Light or medium gray coat color. • Large, drooping ears and loose skin.

  20. Brahman

  21. Brangus • History • A result of a cross of Brahman and Angus. • Crosses made as early as 1912 in Louisiana. • Red Brangus developed in Texas in 1946. • Breed Description • Solid black or red in color. • Polled • Good mothering ability & feed efficiency.

  22. Brangus (Red or Black)

  23. Texas Longhorn • History • Originated from cattle brought from Columbus. • Cattle escaped and existed in the wild. • Almost became extinct by 1900. • USA congress funded a purebred herd. • Breed Characteristics • Many different colors and shadings. • Horns spreading 4 feet or more. • Are able to survive on sparse pasture.

  24. Texas Longhorn

  25. Simmental • History • Originated in Switzerland in the middle ages. • Most popular breed in Europe. • Brought to USA in 1969. • Breed Characteristics • White to light straw faces, with dark red bodies. • Horned • Docile

  26. Simmental

  27. Gelbvieh • History • Originated in Bavaria (southern Germany) • Introduced in the US in 1971 through AI programs • Breed Characteristics • Red & naturally horned • Polled cattle have been developed in US • Superior fertility • Calving ease • Mothering ability • High growth rate

  28. Gelbvieh

  29. Maine-Anjou • History • NW part of France • Imported into North America via Canada in 1969 • Breed Characteristics • Color is originally reddish with white markings on head, belly, rear legs & tail (similar to Shorthorn) • NOW…..color is mainly black with white markings • Dual-purpose breed • Polled

  30. Maine Anjou

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