The History of Film & TV RAM 2013

1. The History of Film & TVRAM 2013

2. Agenda • Grade Trivia • Best/Worst Films • AFI Top 100 and Best Picture Winners of Last 10 years • History of Film

3. As you watch the clip… • Write down anything you notice from an analytical perspective – How do the filmmakers use techniques to tell a story?

4. The Birth of Film • 1861 – Coleman Sellers patents the Kinematoscope – projects photos by flashing them rapidly on screen. • 1890s – Thomas Alva Edison puts up a shack (“The Black Maria”) that becomes the world’s first movie studio

5. More Birthing • 1895 - French Lumiere Brothers introduce cinematographe (printer, camera, projector) and organize first public performance of motion pictures • Example: The Sprinkler Sprinkled) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5HVj7kezK98&noredirect=1 • Prepare to be amazed…!

6. Birth is a LONG Process • 1903 – Edwin Porter produced first major American film, The Great Train Robbery. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bc7wWOmEGGY • Let’s watch a clip • First film to have a beginning, middle and end (progression from movies about sneezes and train arrivals)

7. The Purpose of Movies… • To tell stories to a mass audience

8. Visual Storytelling • Focus on realism, action, compelling plots • The Birth of a Nation – 1915 – D.W. Griffith – controversial Civil War film that pulled filmmaking together as an art form (close-ups, long shots, alternating close-ups, etc.)

9. Shifts in Industry • Move to The Hills (Hollywood, LA) • 50% of films produced world-wide came from here in 1914 • Studios set up by independent producers • system

10. The Formation of the UA • 1919 – United Artists Corporation and star • Producers and distributers tightening salaries and creativity of stars. • So the film stars formed their own company to control their work and their futures. • Founders: • Mary Pickford • Charles Chaplin • Douglas Fairbanks • D.W.Griffith

11. Shifts in Industry • Stars over film • 1926, 1927 - “Talkies” – Films with sound • Changed visual expression SO much that some directors were hesitant to use sound • The Jazz Singer – first feature-length “talkie” • 1920s also brought color – The Black Pirate, Gone with the Wind, Wizard of Oz.

12. Visual Storytelling • First movie star…any guesses?

13. Charlie Chaplin!

14. Other stars that popularized film Judy Garland Mary Pickford Marilyn Monroe

15. Studios • Large studios failed – too much $$$ • 1930s and 1940s – desire to attract MASS audience • Bland films • NOTHING objectionable • 1950s – Communist paranoia invades Hollywood • Black lists • Witch hunts

16. Competition *Pick up here Monday, 12/2. • TV a major rival – Americans can be entertained without leaving home • To compete – films turn to sex and violence – topics banned from TV • The Birds and A Streetcar Named Desire had more adult themes • TV Movies of the Week – film industry realizes they can use TV for $ • Film begins marketing TV; TV buys previously released movies

17. 1960s and 1970s • Counter culture reflects in movies • VCR • Cable TV and HBO • Celebrity magazines • Theater chains • Younger audiences

18. 1980s-today • First Blockbuster Video, Netflix, On Demand • DVDS • Pixar creates first short film – big step for animation • HUGE mergers (Sony buys Columbia and Tri-Star, Warner merges with Time, Disney buys Miramax, Turner merges with New Line) • Dolby Stereo Digital Sound • IMAX • HDTV • Illegal downloading

19. Looking ahead • Monday, you’ll start learning about mise en scene, a VERY important film concept, and we’ll watch a Tim Burton film in mid-December.