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Western Europe

Western Europe . The Renaissance. What was the Renaissance?. A “Rebirth” of interest in learning and art Start of the “Humanist” movement The use of perspective Leaders called Humanists. Why did the Renaissance need to take place?. Fall of Rome - 476 AD

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Western Europe

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  1. Western Europe The Renaissance

  2. What was the Renaissance? • A “Rebirth” of interest in learning and art • Start of the “Humanist” movement • The use of perspective • Leaders called Humanists

  3. Why did the Renaissance need to take place? • Fall of Rome - 476 AD • Empire covered most of known world. • Developed important city-states • Empire became too big to defend well. • Middle Ages - 500 AD – 1500AD • First 500 years = Dark Ages • The Bubonic Plague “Black Death” (bacterial infection) that killed 1/3 – 1/2 of Europe (1347)

  4. Where did the Renaissance begin? • Italy – Western Europe • Eventually spread north across all of Europe • Changed the way that people viewed themselves and the world

  5. Trade brought Italians into contact with other cultures Ruins of Ancient Rome were a constant reminder of past glory Why did it begin in Italy?

  6. Motivated people to create new unique things (poetry, buildings, paintings) • Focused on improving world rather than hoping for a better life after death • New approach to thinking was called “Humanism”

  7. When did the Renaissance occur? • Approximately 1300 – 1600 AD • Peaked in the 1500’s

  8. What ideas changed society? • Material things became an important part of life for aristocratic citizens. • Proud of their city-states = competitive • Hired architects and designers to improve local churches, build grand buildings and create public sculptures and fountains.

  9. As part of the competition to improve the appearance and status of their city-state, they attracted the best and brightest of scholars of the time.

  10. Who were the important people of the Renaissance? • Leonardo da Vinci = artist, musician, architect, engineer, mathematician, scientist • Created the “Mona Lisa” and “The Last Supper” paintings • Studied the world around him. • Filled notebooks with sketches of inventions hundreds of years before they were built. • Flying machines, parachutes, submarines

  11. Michelangelo = artist, architect, sculptor • Frescoes of ceiling of Sistine Chapel in Rome • Covers approximately 6,300 square feet, over 300 figures • Painted most laying on his back while on scaffolding • Completed in 4 years (1512) with no assistants • Sculpted “Moses” and “David” • Helped design St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome

  12. Sistine Chapel

  13. From this vantage point, though, visitors can look for the chip on Moses' knee which was, according to one story, the result of Michelangelo's hurling his chisel at the statue. The artist, in awe of the life-like qualities that emerged from the marble as he worked, is said to have thrown the chisel and screamed at the statue, "Perché non parli? (Why don't you talk?)" censored David Moses

  14. Saint Peter’s Basilica High Altar

  15. Gutenberg Invention of the printing press allowed Ideas to move freely across Europe First printed version of the Bible. Gutenberg could eventually print 300 pages per day. Within 50 years, there were more than 1,000 printing shops in Europe.

  16. What was the clothing and hygiene like during the Renaissance? • Wealthy • Women = loose-fitting, high-wasted brocaded gowns • Men = tight of various colors, short doublet or jerkin (long shirt), detachable sleeves, closed with “points” (tiny hooks and rings) • Poor = woolen clothes often made of hemp

  17. Appearance was very important = fashions changed as quickly as the weather • No bathing = it was thought to have spread disease • The wealthy used powders and scented towels

  18. How did the Renaissance impact Europe? • Trade increased • Led to the growth of cities in Europe along trade routes • Led to establishment of colonies in Africa, India and the Americas • In search of wealth = gold, ivory, silver and spices • Monarchs got wealthier and more powerful • Feudalism started to decline • Middle class forms • Merchants, Traders, Skilled craftsmen

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