1 / 36

Reproduction

Explore the testis, sperm, ovaries, eggs, and fertilization process. Learn about the male and female reproductive organs, functions, concerns, and disorders.

beeler
Download Presentation

Reproduction

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Human Reproduction

  2. Sexual Reproduction in Human testis ovary sperms eggs (ova) fertilization zygote Blastocyst embryo fetus baby

  3. External Male Reproductive Organs • Penis • Testes • Scrotum

  4. The Penis • Tube-shaped organ that extends from trunk of the body just above the testes • Part of the body where semen is released (ejaculation) • Semen- thick fluid containing sperm and other secretions from the male reproductive system

  5. Male Reproductive System Scrotum – sac of skin that holds testes. Hangs below body to keep testes cool. Sperm cannot be produced if body is too warm. Testes move into scrotum just before birth. Testis/testes –Made up of small, coiled tubes seminiferous tubules. 300-600 per testis. Immature sperm made here. • Secrete testosterone

  6. Testis and epididymis epididymis vas deferens (sperm duct) sperm tubules

  7. Internal Male Reproductive Organs • Epididymis • Vas Deferens • Seminal Vesicles • Prostate Gland • Cowpers Gland • Urethra

  8. Epididymis • For temporarily storage of sperms • Where sperm Mature • During intercourse, muscles of epididymis contract to release sperms

  9. Internal Organs Vas deferens– tubes that extend from each epididymis to the urethra Cowper’s gland, Prostate Gland, & Seminal vesicles–secretions from these glands combine with sperm-containing fluid to form semen

  10. Male Reproductive System seminal vesicle secrete seminal fluid prostate gland Cowper’s gland

  11. Functions of Seminal Fluid • To provide a medium for the sperms to swim • To activate and nourish the sperms • To neutralize the acidity in the female reproductive tract Seminal Fluid Semen Sperms +

  12. Male Reproductive System • Urinary bladder – stores urine • Rectum- holds waste • Urethra – passageway for excretion of urine and sperm to leave body. Vas deferens empties into urethra

  13. Male Concerns • Hernia- Part of body pushes through the muscle wall • Sterility- Sperm weak, may not be able to fertilize egg • Prostate Cancer- Uncontrolled growth of cells (radiation therapy/removal of prostate) • Testicular Cancer- Frequent in males 15-35 (self-check)

  14. Hernia

  15. Preventing Problems • Prevent STI’s • Prevent trauma (athletic cups) • Prevent hernias (don’t lift things that are too heavy)

  16. Male Reproductive System Urinary Bladder Seminal Vesicles Prostate Gland Urethra Penis Rectum Epididymis Cowper’s gland Testes Vas Deferens Scrotum

  17. Functions of Ovary • Produce female gametes (ova/eggs) • For production of female sex hormones • Estrogen and Progesterone

  18. Ovary • A female’s ovaries contain 400,000 immature eggs at birth. (all the eggs they will ever have) • Once a month during puberty, a mature egg is released into the fallopian tubes. This process is called ovulation.

  19. Fallopian Tubes • Carries the ovum (egg) forward by • the beating action of the cilia on its inner surface • the contraction of muscles of fallopian tube

  20. Female Reproductive System Fallopian tube – Each ovary is near but not connected to oviduct. Tube with funnel-like opening. Cilia line it to create a current that draws the egg into the tube. Egg is fertilized in the fallopian tube 3. Uterus – thick, muscular, pear-shaped organ. Once egg is fertilized it finishes its development in uterus attached to uterine wall

  21. Female Reproductive System Urinary bladder – storage of urine Urethra – passage of urine to outside of body Vagina (birth canal) – leads to outside of body from the uterus Cervix – narrow neck of uterus Rectum – passage for wastes

  22. Ovulation • The release of an ovum (egg) from an ovary • Every month, the fallopian tubes take turns releasing an egg. Right one month, left the next month

  23. Female Reproductive System Fallopian tube ovary uterus cervix vagina

  24. Menstrual Cycle • Menstruation occurs once a month, due to the uterus preparing itself for possible pregnancy. • If pregnancy doesn’t occur, the uterine lining breaks down into blood, tissue, and fluids and is released through the vagina.

  25. Female Concerns • Infertility- Inability for female to become pregnant • Problems that can cause infertility • STD’S--PID Infection of the Fallopian Tubes • Blocked Fallopian Tubes- PID, Abdominal Surgery, Leading Cause Of Infertility • Endometriosis- Uterine tissue grows outside the uterus, often appearing on the ovaries, fallopian tubes and abdominal cavity

  26. Other Female Reproductive Disorders • Vaginitis: Most common Vaginal infection in women of child bearing age. Caused by bacteria, accompanied by discharges, pain, itching… • Ovarian Cysts: Fluid filled sacs on the ovaries. Small and non-cancerous, usually they will disappear on their own. Larger cysts may require surgery

  27. Concerns • Problems related to menstruation: • Menstrual cramps- Cramps in abdominal occur during menstrual period • Dysmenorrhea- Painful contractions lasting 1-2 days • Amenorrhea- Lack of menstruation by age of 16 or stopping of cycle for 3 or more months • (PMS) Premenstrual Syndrome- Symptoms are: nervous tension, anxiety, irritability, bloating, wt gain, depression, mood swings • (TSS) Toxic Shock Syndrome- Caused by using tampons during period • ~Bacteria produce a toxic poison that affects liver and the immune system • Symptoms: vomiting, dizziness, rash, kidney and liver damage, diarrhea

  28. Pap Smear- Test to detect for abnormal cells in cervix • Trichomoniasis- A vaginal infection that can lead to urethra and bladder infections • Vaginitis- Most common vaginal infection in women of childbearing age • Symptoms: Discharge, odor, itching, pain • Ovarian Cysts- Fluid-filled sacs on the ovary. Small non-cancerous, usually disappear on their own. Larger cysts may need surgery

  29. Concerns continued… • Yeast Infection- Fungus, thick white cheesy discharge, foul odor, and severe itching • Sterility- Untreated STD, blockage of tubes, fertilization can not occur • Breast Cancer- Change in breast or nipple, lump or swelling in breast or armpit Self Exam should be performed once per month • Mammogram- X-ray of the breast to locate any mass or tumor. • Cervical Cancer- Causes can include many sexual partners, early sexual activity, effects women between 20-30

  30. Mammogram

  31. Mammogram of breast

  32. Preventing Problems • Prevent STD’s • Prevent vaginal irritation • Bathe regularly • Exercise regularly

More Related