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Chap 24-25

Chap 24-25. Search for Stability. Pg- 751 Problems with borders and the treaty with Versailles Woodrow Wilson could not gain access to the League of nations The French wanted their money (33 Billion dollars) 1921 the German Republic was ordered to do so

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Chap 24-25

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  1. Chap 24-25

  2. Search for Stability • Pg- 751 • Problems with borders and the treaty with Versailles • Woodrow Wilson could not gain access to the League of nations • The French wanted their money (33 Billion dollars) 1921 the German Republic was ordered to do so • Germany declared bankruptcy and The French occupied Ruhr Valley in reparation

  3. Germany response was passive aggressive • Strike and inflation- 1923 130 billion= 1 dollar • Dawes plan- 200 million dollar loan • Prosperity led to cooperation- Treaty of Lacarno- established western borders with France and Belgium • NY Times “France and Germany ban war forever!” • Germany joined the league of nations along with 63 other nations

  4. The Great Depression • Causes • Over production of goods • October 1929 the Stock Market Crash • Responses • 1932 UK 25% Unemployed, 40% of Germany • Raising Tariffs, Intervention of Laissez-Faire, Marxist Theorems, Political Activist • Democracy and Capitalism on the run

  5. Democratic States • Germany • Weimer Republic- Pres. Hindenburg • Social Class issues, economic prosperity, paved the way for extremist with an easy solution • France • Popular Front Government 1936 • Collective Bargaining and Unions- The French New Deal • Great Britain • John Maynard Keynes- Theory of employment interest and money- Widely ignored • U.S.A. • 12 million unemployed, • Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal- 1932 • Works Progress Administration (WPA) • Social Security 1935 • However this did not help

  6. The Rise of Regimes • 1939- Only the French and Great Britain • Totalitarian States • ALL OF THE SOCIETY- Propaganda • To achieve the collective goal whatever it maybe • Italy, Russia, Spain, Germany

  7. Italy • Benito Mussolini- Socialist? - Fascio Di Combattimento- League of combat • Fascism- Sate over individuality • Actively fought against the middle class • Who did this appeal to • “Either we are allowed to govern or we will seize power” • Victor Emmanuel king of Italy gave in • OVRA and El Duce • The Catholic Church and Fascism

  8. Russia • 1920-22- famine • Hoarding, discontent • “Down with Lenin and horse meat, bring back the czar and pork” • New Economic Policy- Modified capitalism • 1922- Union of Socialist Soviets Republic • The death of Lenin and the rise of Stalin • The five year plan- Industrialization • Collectivization

  9. Death of Democracy in Eastern Europe and in Spain

  10. Chap 24 sec 3-4 • Hitler- bottom of pg. 767 • April 1920 1889- born • Failed in Secondary School • Failed Artist • Good Politician • 1919- German Workers Party • National Socialist German Workers Party • Mein Kempf- “My Struggle” • 800,000 and Reichstag • March 23 1933- The Enabling Act • 7 months- Concentrations Camps, Chancellor, Fuhrer, abolishment • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJMIzpkbChE

  11. “The Reich will never be destroyed if you are united and loyal.”

  12. Nazi State • Misused Aryans • Two Reich's working on the third • Use of Terror and 33% Schutzstaffin (SS) • Henrich Himmler • Economy 6 million to 2, 1932-34 • Women boo! • Nuremburg Laws- 1935-41- Yellow Stars • November 9 1938- Night of Shattered Glass- 30 thousand Jews, 7 thousands shops, citizenship, work and finally emigration • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SCj9RJU2Y1Y • Pg. 770- Dictators

  13. Cultural and Intellectual Trends • 1920 first major radio broadcast • Film- Birth of Nation- USA- 1915 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vPxRIF1c2fI • 40% by the end 1939/ 60% 1945 • Not lost on the Nazis- Joseph Goebbles • The triumph of the Will • “Strength through Joy” leisure program • Art • Abstract and Surrealism - Art reflects Culture • Dada Movement- Hannah Hoch • Salvador Dali

  14. Literature • Ulysses- James Joyce- Stream of Conscience • Siddhartha, Steppenwolfe- Herman Hesse • Science • Werner Heisenberg- Uncertainty principal

  15. Finish • Pg. 766 top anti-Semitic policies • Pg. 769- questions 1-3 • Pg. 771- question 7 • Rewrite the chart on pg. 771 on a separate white piece of paper • Pg. 775 Venn Diagram- Dada vs. Surrealism

  16. Chap 25 sec 1-2 • Bottom of Pg. 782 • Decline of the Ottoman • “The sick man of Europe” • Abdulhamid II- suspended the constitution- • Young Turks dispose of the Sultan- 1908- dram of a Turkish nationality • T.E. Lawrence- Undermined the Turks • 1915- Armenian Genocide • 1,000,000 Dead and exported • Cn. Mustafa Kemel called for a republic after WWI • All that was left was Turkey- Declared 1923 Turkish Republic • Pg. 783

  17. Modern Turkey • Kemel “Ataturk”- Democracy, European Alphabet, Last Names, Religion,- 1924 abolished the caliphate, Women Yay!- vote, veil, property, and religion • Modern Iran • 1908- discovery of oil • 1921- Reza Khan- Seized Tehran • Declared Shah- 1935 declared Iran a country • Westernized the education kept religion • WWII pulled close to Germany, British and Soviets react

  18. Arab Nationalism • After the war the Middle East was cut up • Ibn Saud- united the Arabs- Saudi Arabia derives its name • Arabian-American Oil company- Aramco-1930 • Palestine • Fight for the Holy Land- British Balfour Declaration • Backed Jewish Claims • 1933 Nazi Germany more moved- created tension • 1939- only 75,000 in the next five years

  19. Independence in Africa • After WWI Germany was stripped of their colonies but they were given to France and Great Britain • Kenya- Harry Thuku- taxation without representation- at least 20 people died • Libya- Italians formed concentration camps • W.E. Dubois- all Africans should be aware of their heritage • Marcus Garvey- Jamaican- ”Declaration of the rights of the negro people of the world” • Pan Africanism- unity of all Africans

  20. Indian Independence • Mohandas Gandhi- “Mahatma”- western educated- “The Great Soul” • Civil Disobedience- against the British • and violence • 1935- Government of India Act- two house parliament elected Indian officials and 5 million voters • Actively encouraged Indians to stop English education, jobs and government position • Salt March • Set India into tow different paths and encouraged Pakistan – “land of the pure”

  21. “What difference does it make to the dead, the orphans and the homeless, whether the mad destruction is wrought under the name of totalitarianism or in the holy name of liberty or democracy”

  22. Rise of Japan • Ziabatsu- center of the Japanese economy • Four organizations controlled the majority of all business created an inequality • The Depression called for reform and domination of other countries • Lack of raw material encouraged the Japanese to seize Korea, Manchuria, Formosa • Black Dragon Society 1931- Without Government approval • Western values were cut and Imperialism was pushed

  23. Communism in Asia • Stalin in Russia • Ho Chi Minh- Moscow trained • Vietnam • Pg. 792

  24. Chap 25 sec 3-4

  25. Revolutionary Chaos in China • Sun Yet-sen Nationalist Party • Chinese Communist Party • Combined forces at Shanghai • Sun-yet death caused the Shanghai massacre of communist • Chaing Kai-Shek- fought the communist as the real threat- new leader of the nationalist party • Mao Zedong vs. Chaing • Mao used guerilla warfare • Trapped by the superior army, Mao led troops through the line and marched for 6,000 miles • Afterward he reached the last communist base camp in the north and was the official leader • Chaing’s China • 80% of china were peasants • Wanted a Republic, hindered opposition and free speech • Got support through wealthy European settlers in the city

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