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Livestock Nutrition Considerations and Application

Livestock Nutrition Considerations and Application. Adv Animal Science Sutherlin High School. Beef Nutrition. Considerations NEL = Net Energy, Lactation NEG = Net Energy, Growth NEM = Net Energy, Maintenance. Beef Nutrition. Considerations Ruminants Foreign objects (Hardware disease).

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Livestock Nutrition Considerations and Application

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  1. Livestock NutritionConsiderations and Application Adv Animal Science Sutherlin High School

  2. Beef Nutrition • Considerations • NEL = Net Energy, Lactation • NEG = Net Energy, Growth • NEM = Net Energy, Maintenance

  3. Beef Nutrition • Considerations • Ruminants • Foreign objects (Hardware disease)

  4. Beef Nutrition • Issues • Grass Tetany: magnesium deficiency usually caused by cattle on spring (fast-growing) grass • Bloat: build up of rumen gas • Acidosis: pH imbalance of the rumen

  5. Beef Nutrition • Management • You’re feeding a market steer that is 900 pounds. If you are feeding 15 pounds of mature grass hay, what is the maximum Mcal you could feed per day?

  6. Swine Nutrition • Considerations • Simple stomachs • Essential Amino acids • Chelates: combining minerals with amino acids (zinc-methionine, iron-lysine)

  7. Swine Nutrition • Management • You are feeding market hogs. Prepare the most economical ration of two feeds that meet the protein requirements and Ca requirements.

  8. Sheep Nutrition • Considerations • Ruminants (forages needed – avoid acidosis) • Supplement with minerals • Don’t use cattle minerals (too much Copper)

  9. Sheep Nutrition • Nutrition Issues • White Muscle Disease: deficiency of Selenium • Urinary Calculi (Water Belly): phosphate salts from high-concentrate diets; feed medicated feeds

  10. Sheep Nutrition • Nutrition Issues • Enterotoxemia (Overeating Disease, Pulpy Kidney): caused by Clostridium perfringens • Copper Toxemia: too much copper, fatal

  11. Sheep Nutrition • Management • Calculate a ration for 100 pound market lambs that does not exceed the phosphorous requirements but does meet the requirement for TDN.

  12. Horse Nutrition • Considerations • Modified monogastrics – hind-gut fermenters • HYPP and alfalfa (potassium)

  13. Horse Nutrition • Issues • Founder: sore-footed, often found in horses on spring grass • Colic: abdominal pain, can be caused by nutrition • Ryegrass Staggers: toxins in ryegrass leaves

  14. Horse Nutrition • Management • Develop a ration for maintaining 900 pound mares that will meet TDN requirements without exceeding DE by more than 3%.

  15. Dairy Cattle Nutrition • Considerations • TMR = total mixed ration • Dry cows versus Lactating cows

  16. Dairy Cattle Nutrition • Issues • Milk Fever (parturent paresis or hypocalcemia): within 2-3 days of calving, symptoms include staggering, tremors (involves potassium balance with calcium)

  17. Dairy Cattle Nutrition • Management • Your cows are eating 30 pounds of TMR a day per head. Develop a ration that involves two feeds and your choice of supplement to meet Calcium and TDN requirements.

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