a. Remains constant

1. According to the law of conservation of energy, What can be said about the total amount of energy in the universe? a. Remains constant c. Increases b. Changes Constantly d. Decreases

2. In EVERY energy conversion, some energy is always converted into what type of energy? a. Kinetic energy c. Thermal energy b. Potential energy d. Mechanical energy

3. An electric generator is useful after/during a hurricane because it can generate electricity. What is a generator actually doing when it generates electricity? a. Creating energy b. Converting energy of one type into another c. Destroying energy during the process d. Destroying matter

4. Chad walks into a room and turns on a light with the light switch. What type of energy transformation is occurring? a. Kinetic energy into electrical and light energy b. Electrical energy into potential and light energy c. Electrical energy into light and thermal energy d. Chemical energy into light and thermal energy

5. Imagine that a ball is dropped. It bounces a few times, but then stops. James says that the ball has lost all of its energy. What law would a person use to explain that James was wrong. a. Law of conservation of mass b. Law of conservation of energy c. Law of universal gravitation d. Law of conservation of matter

6. A student takes a basketball and throws it straight up in the air. The ball falls back down and lands exactly in the student’s hands. Neglecting frictional forces, what can be said about the amount of energy when the basketball falls back in the student’s hand? a.The energy in the ball is the same when the ball leaves the student’s hand as when it returns. b. The energy in the ball is greater when the ball leaves the student’s hand as when it returns. c. The energy of the ball is less when the ball leaves the student’s hand as when it returns. d. The ball has no energy.

7. After energy conversions, what law explains that the total amount of energy is equal to the original amount of potential energy? a. Law of conservation of mass b. Law of conservation of energy c. Law of universal gravitation d. Law of conservation of matter

8. When a bicycle rider puts on the brakes of a bicycle, friction causes some of the mechanical energy to change into what type of energy? a. Electrical c. Chemical b. Nuclear d. Thermal

9. Energy that is stored in food is mainly what type of energy? a. Electrical c. Chemical b. Nuclear d. Thermal

10. What is the type of energy transformation that occurs in a person’s muscles when they move? a. Kinetic to Potential b. Kinetic to Electrical c. Thermal to Radiant d. Chemical to Kinetic

11. How does a solar powered calculator work? a. Converts solar energy into nuclear energy b. Converts solar energy into electricity c. Converts solar energy into thermal energy d. Converts electricity into solar energy

12. A softball player hits a fly ball. Which of the following describes the energy conversion that occurs as the ball falls from its highest point toward the ground? a. Kinetic to Potential b. Potential to Kinetic c. Thermal to Radiant d. Chemical to Kinetic

13. As a compost pile decomposes, what type of energy conversion takes place? a. Kinetic to Potential b. Potential to Kinetic c. Thermal to Chemical d. Chemical to Thermal

14. An electric fan has an electric motor inside to change electrical energy into what other type of energy? a. Light c. Chemical b. Kinetic d. Potential

15. What must a wave have in order to travel a. Energy c. High Frequency b. Large amplitude d. Short wavelength

16. Waves can be either beneficial or destructive. However, all waves share one common characteristic. What is that characteristic? a. They all travel at the same speed b. They all require a medium through which to travel c. In large amounts, they all can cause cancer d. They all transfer energy

17. When a person squeezes together the coils of a spring and then releases them as show below, what type of wave is being created? a. transverse c. Water b. Longitudinal d. Seismic

18. What is the distance between any two adjacent crest or compressions in a series of waves called? a. Frequency c. Crest b. Wavelength d. Trough

19. What is an example of a mechanical wave? a. Ocean wave c. Light Wave b. Radio Wave d. X-Ray

20. What is the term for a substance that a Mechanical wave can travel through? a. Wave gel c. Light Wave b. Signal sap d. Medium

21. What type of waves may travel without a medium? a. Ocean wave c. Light wave b. Sound wave d. Seismic wave

22. A student in a lab observes microwaves, X-rays, radio waves, and sound waves. Which of these waves require a medium to travel through? a. Microwave c. X-ray b. Sound wave d. Radio wave

23. What is the highest point of a transverse wave called? a. Crest c. Compression b. Trough d. Bottom

24. What are waves in which the particles vibrate back and forth along the path that the wave travels called? a. Transverse c. Longitudinal b. Mechanical d. Electromagnetic

25. What type of wave is created if a student pushes a spring back and forth? a. transverse c. Water b. Longitudinal d. Seismic

26. What is the distance between any two adjacent crests or compressions in a series of waves called? a. Wavelength c. Frequency b. Amplitude d. Trough

27. What is the term for the number of waves produced in a given amount of time? a. Wavelength c. Trough b. Amplitude d. Frequency

28. What occurs when a wave bounces back after striking a barrier? a. Reflection c. Rarefaction b. Refraction d. Amplitude

29. When you place a pencil in a glass of water, why does the pencil appear to bend? a. Reflection c. Refraction b. Contraction d. Diffraction

30. What property of sound waves enables bats to listen for echoes to locate food? a. Reflection c. Refraction b. Contraction d. Diffraction

31. Why can a supernova explosion of a large star in space be seen but not heard on Earth? a. Sound waves are electromagnetic waves and cannot travel through space. Visible light is a mechanical wave and can travel through space. b. Sound waves are mechanical waves and cannot travel through space. Visible light is an electromagnetic wave and can travel through space. c. A supernova can be seen and heard on Earth d. A supernova cannot be seen or heard on Earth

32. Study the diagram of a wave. Which number indicates a wavelength a. 1 c. 3 b. 2 d. 4

33. Study the diagram of a wave. Which number indicates a Crest? a. 1 c. 3 b. 2 d. 4

34. Study the diagram of a wave. Which number indicates a Trough? a. 1 c. 3 b. 2 d. 4

35. Study the diagram of a wave. Which number indicates a amplitude? a. 1 c. 3 b. 2 d. 4

36. One beneficial property of ultraviolet radiation (UV) occurs when the body is exposed to small amounts of it. This UV radiation causes the body to manufacture a necessary vitamin. What is the name of the vitamin that is produced? a. Vitamin C c. Vitamin D b. Vitamin B d. Vitamin A

37. How are gamma rays helpful to people? a. They allow food to be cooked quickly b. They are very useful in communication c. They are used in killing cancer cells d. They are used for getting a good tan

38. Surface waves are the most destructive of the earthquake waves. Which description is usually given as to why these waves are so destructive? • The shear parts of the rock sideways from other parts • They move ground up and down in circles as the waves travel along the surface • They are the fastest seismic waves • They cause material to be squeezed into smaller volume or stretch it into a larger volume

39. Why is it dangerous to be overexposed to loud sound? a. It can cause a loss of hearing b. It can cause cancer c. It can cause a decrease in intelligence d. It can cause a loss of memory

40. Scientist have been able to harness the beneficial use of electromagnetic waves. What type of wave is used in T.V. remote control devices that helps change channels, turn the TV on and off, or to change the sound level? a. X-Ray c. Gamma Rays b. Infrared d. Seismic Waves

41. What type of wave can travel through the Earth and along the Earth’s surface? a. Sound waves c. Seismic waves b. Electromagnetic waves d. Transverse waves

42. What type of electromagnetic wave allows doctors to see broken bones and disease inside the human body? a. Radio Waves c. Light Waves b. Microwaves d. X-Rays

43. What part of the electromagnetic spectrum is used for communication? a. Radio Waves c. Light Waves b. Microwaves d. X-Rays

44. What type of seismic wave is the most destructive? a. P wave c. S wave b. Surface wave d. Body wave

45. What type of wave enables scientists to study the interior layers of the Earth? a. Sound waves c. Seismic waves b. Electromagnetic waves d. Transverse waves

46. You and your friend are going to a loud concert. You know that sound waves can permanently damage your hearing. What can you do to protect your hearing? a. Sit in the back c. Sit by a speaker b. Use ear plugs d. Both A and B

47. Figure B Figure A Figure C Below are illustrations of waves. If each illustration represents 1 second, which wave has the highest frequency? a. Figure A c. Figure C b. Figure B • They all have the same frequency

48. Scientists measured the speed of light in empty space, glass, water, and air. Where did they find that light waves travel the fastest? a. Empty Space c. Water b. Glass • Air

49. What are electromagnetic waves made of? a. Electric and light fields b. Electric and magnetic fields c. Light and magnetic fields d. Radio and television fields

50. Given the following diagrams of waves, Which wave has the lowest frequency? a. Figure a c. Figure c d. All have the same frequency b. Figure b