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Discover the wonders of space through the electromagnetic spectrum, the use of telescopes, and the history of space exploration. Learn about different types of telescopes, the impact of light pollution, and significant milestones in American and non-manned space exploration. Don't miss the groundbreaking discoveries made by the Hubble Space Telescope!
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Exploring Space • Use of electromagnetic spectrum • Starlight carries information • use spectroscope • Travels at speed of light (300,000 k.p.s.) • Starlight is old
Electromagnetic Spectrum • From longest to shortest wavelength • radio waves • microwaves • infrared radiation • visible light • ultraviolet radiation • X-rays • gamma rays
Electromagnetic Radiation Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet Xray Infrared Gamma Radio Microwave UV
Telescopes • Bring distant objects closer or collects faint light so that it may be seen • Stars appear as dots • Two types of optical: reflecting and refracting • Radio telescopes search for radio waves
Refracting Telescope • Uses glass lenses to collect light • Convex lenses • Objective lens collects light • Eyepiece focus light in eye • Image is virtual • Limited in size
Reflecting Telescopes • Uses concave mirrors to collect light • Mirror or prism redirects light • Uses lens in eyepiece to focus light in eye • Can be made up to 200 inches in diameter
Radio Telescopes • Large antenna • Wider range of energy • Can be used day and night • Used in arrays to enhance abilities • Used to search the furthest distances
Optical Telescopes Refracting Reflecting
Light Pollution • Optical telescopes affected by sodium vapor, mercury vapor light • Obscures the starlight • Observatories located on mountains, in rural areas
American Manned Space Exploration • Project Mercury • Russian first in space (Yuri Gaggarin) • One person craft • First American in space: Alan B. Sheppard • First orbital: John Glenn
Project Gemini • Two person crew • Prepared to go to the moon • Practiced docking
Project Apollo • Project to land a man on the moon and return them safely before the end of the decade • Crew of three • Apollo 11 first to land on moon • Neil Armstrong/Buzz Aldrin
Non-Manned Exploration • Sputnik - S - first to go to space • Ranger - mapped moon • Voyager - explored planets • Mariner - landed on Mars • Galileo - studied Jupiter
Shuttle Fuel Tank SRB • First designed reuseable space craft • Orbiter, external fuel tank, solid rocket boosters • Lost Challenger in tragic accident • Used like truck • Building ISS Orbiter
Non-Manned Exploration • Hubble Space Telescope • used to see to the greatest distances in space • Discovered other planets