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WG4 Summary RF Power, Industrial and Medical

WG4 Summary RF Power, Industrial and Medical. ‘Baron’ R Carter (CI-U of Lancaster) T Johns (CPI) P McIntosh (CI-ASTeC). WG4 Goals. The group will review the current state of the art of RF systems for X-band accelerators including: high power sources, RF distribution and

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WG4 Summary RF Power, Industrial and Medical

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  1. WG4 SummaryRF Power, Industrial and Medical ‘Baron’ R Carter (CI-U of Lancaster) T Johns (CPI) P McIntosh (CI-ASTeC)

  2. WG4 Goals • The group will review the current state of the art of RF systems for X-band accelerators including: • high power sources, • RF distribution and • low-level RF systems. • It will review industrial activity in the field including X-band accelerators for medical and security applications. • The group will review the needs of future X-band accelerators and collate views about the R&D on sources, distribution systems and low-level RF systems required to meet those needs.

  3. WG4 RF Power, Industrial and Medical Sessions • Monday 1st December (WG4 only): • CPI Klystron Developments, Tony Johns (CPI) • Tech Industrial Solution for a Digital LLRF system, Borut Baricevic (Instrumentation Technologies) • EMMA RF Distribution, Simon Davies (Q-Par Angus) • Compression of Frequency-Modulated Pulses using Helically Corrugated Waveguide, Michael McStravick (U of Strathclyde) • Tuesday 2nd December (All WGs Combined): • Thales Klystron Development at X-band, Sebastien Berger (Thales) • Discussion for X-band Sources (All) • Linacs for Hadrontherapy: CABOTO, a X-band CArbon BOoster for Therapy in Oncology, Riccardo Zennaro (CERN) • Cost/MeV? (All) • Wednesday 3rd December (Combined WG1 + WG4): • X-band Components, Igor Syrachev (CERN) • LLRF System for ILC Main Linac, Uros Mavric (Instrumentation Technologies)

  4. Under development X-Band Vacuum Devices – T Johns (CPI)

  5. CPI Sheet Beam Klystron (SBK)

  6. SBK Performance • Beam transmission was 63% for shown parameters. • Best transmission was 94% at a much lower operating voltage. • Cathode position will be adjusted to improve transmission.

  7. LLRF system with 38 RF input channels (in 19” 2U chassis ). Built-in sophisticated RF system diagnostics. Reliable interlock system and chassis health monitoring. Cavity field stabilization and cavity tuning. Built in RF calibration and temperature stabilization systems. Phase and amplitude stability meets 4th generation light sources’ requirements. Compatible with normal-conducting and super-conducting RF systems in pulsed and continuous wave operation modes. X-band compliant (upto 12 GHz). An Industrial Digital RF Stabilisation System – B Baričevič (ITech)

  8. LLRF System Architechture

  9. Application and Performance ~50 ppm < 0.005 deg

  10. EMMA RF Distribution – S Davies (Q-Par Angus) DQ BPM FQ RF Cavity 100 kW IOT Variable hybrids Phase shifters

  11. Variable Hybrid

  12. 180o phase change possible, with 400mm long structure. >26 dB return loss calculated. Phase Shifter

  13. Amplitude of microwave higher power microwave tail of pulse front of pulse Lower power microwave axial direction in dispersive medium Compression of Frequency-Modulated Pulses using Helically Corrugated Waveguide – M McStravick (U of Strathclyde) • In a dispersive medium, if a pulse is modulated from one frequency to a frequency with a higher group velocity, the pulse will compress. • Corrugation couples a counter rotating TE11 wave with a co- rotating TE21 wave on a 3-fold helix.

  14. Helically Corrugated Waveguide

  15. Low Power High Power Measured Results

  16. Klystron Characteristics Operating conditions Klystron Development in X-band – S Berger (Thales)

  17. Output waveguide WR112 flange SF6 pressurization (3 bars) Water cooling Total flow ~ 26 L / min Electron gun power supply 152 kV / 60 A / 9.2 kW modulator Oil tank insulation Heater voltage 15 V , current 13A Input driver Input power = 30 W at saturation Klystron Height = 0,9 m Weight ~ 60 kg Output flange at 400 mm from axis Electromagnet Outer diameter = 500 mm Weight ~ 350 kg Power consumption ~ 4 kW Klystron Parameters System size scales more with power and voltage than with frequency. Focusing solenoid is a major contributor to weight, size and power consumption.

  18. X-band Sources - All • Aim: Compile list of available/developing X-band sources: • List to be posted on XB08 indico server. • A Vliekes (SLAC) will start the ball rolling!

  19. Linacs for Hadrontharapy (CABOTO) – R Zennaro Cyclinac Concept CArbon BOoster for Therapy in Oncology The energy can be varied in 1-2 ms by changing the power pulses sent to the 20 accelerating modules

  20. Cyclinac Yes Yes 1 millisecond The energy is changed by adjusting the RF pulses to the modules Cyclinac Properties of the Accelerated Beams Accelerator Beam always present during Treatments? Energy variation by electronic Means? Time needed for varying the energy Cyclotron Yes No - 30-50 ms (*)‏ Synchrotron No Yes 1 second (*) With movable absorbers

  21. Superconducting cyclotron by LNS/IBA (250 MeV protons and 3600 MeV carbon ions) is now commercialized by IBA 1st phase: 32 cm protons 17 cm carbon ions 5 m p p p/C p/C p/C 22 m 2nd Phase 32 cm protons 32 cm carbon ions 435 MeV/u Carbon ions CABOTO perspective view based on a ≤ 300 MeV/u cyclotron 300 MeV/u Carbon ions Note: 3 GHz assumed here! 21

  22. CABOTO at 12 GHz would be shorter and would consume less power (CNAO consumes 3-4 MW!)‏

  23. LLRF System for the ILC Main Linac – U Mavric • Major technical issues for ILC main linac: • Energy spread problems -> focus on the RF fluctuations as one of the reasons of the energy spread. • RF Disturbances: • LLRF disturbances that regulates the RF fields inside the cavities. • ILC LLRF system requires regulation of the vector sum of 26 signals (1 x LLRF unit controls 26 SRF cavities - three cryomodules). • I/O Signals: Reflected (26), Forward (26), Cavity Probe (26), Beam monitor (3), Reference, Interlock signals. • ILC performance requirements: • 0.5% amplitude, 0.24º phase r.m.s. • LLRF architecture developed by B Chase et al @ FNAL

  24. ILC RF System Architechture

  25. LLRF System Tests • Bench Measurements (Open loop, closed loop). • Measurements on ACC1 at DESY (Sept. 2007). • Measurements on CC2 at AØ PI at FNAL (Sept. 2008). ~0.016% <0.05deg

  26. WG4 Summary • Thank all industrial contributors for making a valuable contribution to the workshop. • Number of X-band RF power sources available: • Both from industry and labs (SLAC/KEK mainly). • Frequencies focussed ~9.3 GHz (radar) and 11.424 GHz (NLC/JLC) • Adapting existing solutions to other X-band frequencies is feasible, but needs R&D (can be lengthy and expensive). • All X-band structure installations require LLRF systems: • Provide controlled amplitude and phase delivery of Vacc. • Configurable digital solutions available to adapt to X-band applications. • Medical application identified which needs cost effective X-band system solution. • Collaboration initiated with CLIC, EPFL and PSI. • We all look forward to learning more of this system R&D.

  27. THANK YOU

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