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History of Video Games

History of Video Games By : H é ctor Mu ñ oz-Avila Sources : Gamespot.com investor.about.com emuunlim.com designboom.com Wikipedia my own Introduction Some ideas in the 1948 First video game: Tennis game in an Oscilloscope Space game on DEC-1 In between:

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History of Video Games

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  1. History of Video Games By: Héctor Muñoz-Avila • Sources: • Gamespot.com • investor.about.com • emuunlim.com • designboom.com • Wikipedia • my own

  2. Introduction • Some ideas in the 1948 • First video game: • Tennis game in an Oscilloscope • Space game on DEC-1 • In between: • Space Invaders: http://www.spaceinvaders.de/ • Current videogames: • Half Life 2

  3. Chess Origins • 1769 Fake chess machine • 1952 Turing design a chess algorithm • 1956 Maniac versus Human

  4. Origins of Some Companies • 1889company create card game: • 1932 COLECO (short for Connecticut Leather Company • 1947 Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Company: • 1954 David Rosen makes machines for GI’s in Japan Nintendo (“leave luck to heaven”) Sony (Service Games) SEGA

  5. Other Origins • 1951 Ralph Baer (@Loral) suggest adding game to TV • May be considered the inventor of video games • Only until 1967 he realized his dream of an “intereactive television” • 1952 A.S.Douglas (@Cambridge): Interactive Tic Tac Toe • 1958 Willy Higinbotham (@brookhaven national laboratory): Oscilloscope

  6. Other Origins (II) • 1961 Steve Russell (@MIT) creates space war “If I hadn't done it, someone would've done something equally exciting if not better in the next six months. I just happened to get there first. - Steve Russell

  7. 1972 Noland Bushnell and Ted Dabney (@Nutting Associates) 1972 Space War Legacy 1971 Bill Pitts and Hugh Tuck formed Computer Recreations Galaxy Game Cost: $20K Play cost: 10 cent Built: dozens Galaxy Game Built: 1.5K PONG Built: 10K “Breaks down”

  8. Early Games • Pong (http://www.apn.gr/pong.html) • 1972 Magnavox builds Odyssey

  9. Early Stages: 1976-1977 • COLECO builds TELSTAR • Cartridges are born (Fairchild Camera & Instrument: Channel F) • Atari bought by Warner Communications ($28M) • Atari releases first console (later known as Atari 2600)

  10. Early Stages 1977-78 • Nintendo releases Othello (http://www.mattelothello.com/) • Taito creates Space Invaders! • Midway bought license • Apple and Atari release PCs • But Atari is seen as a gaming company

  11. The Golden Age 1979-1981 • Atari releases Asteroids! • Frogger, Konami/Sega, 1981 • Pac-Man, Bally/Midway, 1980 • Donkey Kong, Nintendo, 1981 • Namco releases Pac-Man, 1982 (+300K machines sold) • Own television show • US Army commissions Atari for a tank simulation game • Start of a long enduring activity (Lehigh included!) • Nintendo releases first console in 1981 • http://www.tripletsandus.com/80s/80s_games/

  12. The Great Crash 1982-1984 • The Commodore 64 PC is released • Coleco releases the Adam PC • Too many competitors small and large saturate the market • 1982 Warner Corp. stock fell 32% after Atari announces les-that-expected sells of consoles • Atari sold to Jack Tramiel (owner of Commodore) • New company: Atari Corp. pulls from Console market • Bright spot: Nintendo releases famicon does well in Japan

  13. The Return of the Video Games 1985-1988 • Nintendo releases NES • Met with skepticism by market observers • Turns out to be an instant hit • Legend of Zelda • http://www.nintendoland.com/zelda/home.htm • Apple releases the Mac, Atari releases 520ST • Who won? • Tetris is released! • http://www.miniclip.com/tetris.htm • Coleco files for bankruptcy • 1985 MS releases Windows • PC as a gaming platform

  14. The Story Continues • 1989 Nintendo releases Gameboy, Sega releases Genesis • 1991 Nintendo releases SNES, Sega releases Sonic • 1993 32-bit consoles • Nintendo releases Mortal Combat! • 1999-2001 Playstation 2, Gamecube, Xbox

  15. What’s Left? • PC Games • We will cover these in coming classes but by Genre: • FPS • RTS • RPG (including MMO)

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