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Multiple-Baseline Designs

Multiple-Baseline Designs. Description: Intervention evaluated by examining Bx across different baselines Intervention is introduced to different baselines at different points in time Functional relationship: Bx changes only when intervention is applied. Multiple-Baseline Designs (Cont.) .

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Multiple-Baseline Designs

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  1. Multiple-Baseline Designs • Description: Intervention evaluated by examining Bx across different baselines • Intervention is introduced to different baselines at different points in time • Functional relationship: Bx changes only when intervention is applied

  2. Multiple-Baseline Designs (Cont.) • Three types of MBL designs • MBL across subjects • BL and Tx phase for same target Bx of 2 or more subjects • MBL across behaviors • BL and Tx phase for 2 or more behaviors of the same subject • MBL across settings • BL and Tx phase for 2 or more settings in which the same Bx of the same subject is measured

  3. Multiple-Baseline Designs (Cont.) • MBL designs used when: • Interested in the same target Bx exhibited by multiple subjects • You have targeted more than one Bx of the same subject • You are measuring a subject’s Bx across 2 or more settings • MBL designs useful when: • Cannot use an ABAB design

  4. Multiple-Baseline Designs (Cont.) • MBL across subjects • Tx is staggered over time • Experimental control demonstrated when Bx changes for each subject only after Tx is implemented • MBL across behaviors • Tx is staggered across Bxs • Experimental control demonstrated when Bx changes only after Tx has been implemented for that Bx

  5. Multiple-Baseline Designs (Cont.) • MBL across settings • Same Bx, same subject, but Tx is staggered across settings • Experimental control demonstrated when Bx changes only after Tx is implemented in each setting

  6. Design Variations • Number of Baselines • Minimum of 2 baselines • Number of baselines contribute to strength of demonstration • Better to include several baselines in case one of the baselines does not change • Partial Applications of Treatment • If Tx has no affect on first BL, may not apply this Tx to other baselines • One BL may never receive Tx

  7. Problems & Limitations • Interdependence of Baselines • Change in one of the baselines carries over to another BL even though the intervention has not been applied • Inconsistent Effects of the Intervention • Some Bxs are altered when the intervention is introduced and others are not • Prolonged Baselines • Withholding Tx may be unethical • Prolonged baselines may result in performance improving before Tx has been applied • Undesirable Bxs may emerge

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