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William G. Huitt Educational Psychology Interactive

Operant Conditioning Part II. William G. Huitt Educational Psychology Interactive. Last rev: June 2012. Operant Conditioning. Questions to ask when analyzing examples What was the TARGET behavior? What behavior was INCREASED or DECREASED?

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William G. Huitt Educational Psychology Interactive

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  1. Operant Conditioning Part II William G. Huitt Educational Psychology Interactive Last rev: June 2012

  2. Operant Conditioning Questions to ask when analyzing examples • What was the TARGET behavior? What behavior was INCREASED or DECREASED? • Was the behavior INCREASED or DECREASED? (Can eliminate two possible methods used.) • What was the consequence used? • Was it ADDED or SUBTRACTED? (Will eliminate another possible method used.)

  3. Operant Conditioning Billy likes to campout in the backyard. He camped-out on every Friday evening during the month of June. The last time he camped out, some older children snuck up to his tent while he was sleeping and threw a bucket of cold water on him. Billy has not camped-out since. • What was the TARGET behavior? Is this an example of operant conditioning? Why or why not?

  4. Operant Conditioning Billy likes to campout in the backyard. He camped-out on every Friday evening during the month of June. The last time he camped out, some older children snuck up to his tent while he was sleeping and threw a bucket of cold water on him. Billy has not camped-out since. • Was the behavior INCREASED or DECREASED?

  5. Operant Conditioning Outcomes of Conditioning Increase Behavior Decrease Behavior Stimulus Add Positive Reinforcement SubtractResponse Cost Positive/pleasant Subtract Negative Reinforcement Add Punishment Negative/Aversive

  6. Operant Conditioning Outcomes of Conditioning Decrease Behavior Stimulus SubtractResponse Cost Positive/pleasant Add Punishment Negative/Aversive

  7. Operant Conditioning Billy likes to campout in the backyard. He camped-out on every Friday evening during the month of June. The last time he camped out, some older children snuck up to his tent while he was sleeping and threw a bucket of cold water on him. Billy has not camped-out since. • What was the consequence used? • Was it ADDED or SUBTRACTED?

  8. Operant Conditioning Outcomes of Conditioning Decrease Behavior Stimulus SubtractResponse Cost Positive/pleasant Add Punishment Negative/Aversive

  9. Operant Conditioning Outcomes of Conditioning Decrease Behavior Stimulus Positive/pleasant Add Punishment Negative/Aversive

  10. Operant Conditioning Every time Madge raises her hand in class she is called on. Madge raised her hand 3 times during the first class, 4 times in the second, and 5 times during the last class. • What was the TARGET behavior? Is this an example of operant conditioning? Why or why not?

  11. Operant Conditioning Every time Madge raises her hand in class she is called on. Madge raised her hand 3 times during the first class, 4 times in the second, and 5 times during the last class. • Was the behavior INCREASED or DECREASED?

  12. Operant Conditioning Outcomes of Conditioning Increase Behavior Decrease Behavior Stimulus Add Positive Reinforcement SubtractResponse Cost Positive/pleasant Subtract Negative Reinforcement Add Punishment Negative/Aversive

  13. Operant Conditioning Outcomes of Conditioning Increase Behavior Stimulus Add Positive Reinforcement Positive/pleasant Subtract Negative Reinforcement Negative/Aversive

  14. Operant Conditioning Every time Madge raises her hand in class she is called on. Madge raised her hand 3 times during the first class, 4 times in the second, and 5 times during the last class. • What was the consequence? • Was it ADDED or SUBTRACTED?

  15. Operant Conditioning Outcomes of Conditioning Increase Behavior Stimulus Add Positive Reinforcement Positive/pleasant Subtract Negative Reinforcement Negative/Aversive

  16. Operant Conditioning Outcomes of Conditioning Increase Behavior Stimulus Add Positive Reinforcement Positive/pleasant Negative/Aversive

  17. Operant Conditioning Greg is being reinforced using a token system. When he follows directions, he earns a point. When he misbehaves or does not follow a request, he loses points. At the end of each day, he can “buy” free time, TV privileges, etc. with his points. Greg used to call his mom names. Since he has been on the point system, his name calling has been reduced to almost zero. • What is the TARGET behavior? • Was the behavior INCREASED or DECREASED?

  18. Operant Conditioning Outcomes of Conditioning Increase Behavior Decrease Behavior Stimulus Add Positive Reinforcement SubtractResponse Cost Positive/pleasant Subtract Negative Reinforcement Add Punishment Negative/Aversive

  19. Operant Conditioning Outcomes of Conditioning Decrease Behavior Stimulus SubtractResponse Cost Positive/pleasant Add Punishment Negative/Aversive

  20. Operant Conditioning Greg is being reinforced using a token system. When he follows directions, he earns a point. At the end of each day, he can “buy” free time, TV privileges, etc. with his points. When he misbehaves or does not follow a request, he loses points. Greg used to call his mom names. Since he has been on the point system, his name calling has been reduced to almost zero. • What was the consequence? • Was it ADDED or SUBTRACTED?

  21. Operant Conditioning Outcomes of Conditioning Decrease Behavior Stimulus SubtractResponse Cost Positive/pleasant Add Punishment Negative/Aversive

  22. Operant Conditioning Outcomes of Conditioning Decrease Behavior Stimulus SubtractResponse Cost Positive/pleasant Negative/Aversive

  23. Operant Conditioning John does not go to the dentist every 6-months for his checkup. When he finally went, the teeth cleaning was so painful that his mouth hurt for several days. After the second time he did this, he now has his teeth cleaned every 6 months. • What is the TARGET behavior? • Was the behavior INCREASED or DECREASED?

  24. Operant Conditioning Outcomes of Conditioning Increase Behavior Decrease Behavior Stimulus Add Positive Reinforcement SubtractResponse Cost Positive/pleasant Subtract Negative Reinforcement Add Punishment Negative/Aversive

  25. Operant Conditioning Outcomes of Conditioning Increase Behavior Stimulus Add Positive Reinforcement Positive/pleasant Subtract Negative Reinforcement Negative/Aversive

  26. Operant Conditioning John does not go to the dentist every 6-months for his checkup. When he finally went, the teeth cleaning was so painful that his mouth hurt for several days. After the second time he did this, he now has his teeth cleaned every 6 months. • What was the consequence? • Was it ADDED or SUBTRACTED?

  27. Operant Conditioning Outcomes of Conditioning Increase Behavior Stimulus Add Positive Reinforcement Positive/pleasant Subtract Negative Reinforcement Negative/Aversive

  28. Operant Conditioning Outcomes of Conditioning Increase Behavior Stimulus Positive/pleasant Subtract Negative Reinforcement Negative/Aversive

  29. Operant Conditioning Outcomes of Conditioning Increase Behavior Decrease Behavior Stimulus Add Positive Reinforcement SubtractResponse Cost Positive/pleasant Subtract Negative Reinforcement Add Punishment Negative/Aversive

  30. Operant Conditioning To learn about using schedules when deciding how to apply operant conditioning

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