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ISM Millionaire Challenge

ISM Millionaire Challenge. DNA. # 1. What does the acronym DNA stand for ?. Deoxyribonucleic Acid. Dimethylene Acid. A:. B:. Distilled Nucleic Acid . Double Nucleic Acid. C:. D:. A. DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid

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ISM Millionaire Challenge

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  1. ISM Millionaire Challenge DNA

  2. #1 • What does the acronym DNA stand for? • Deoxyribonucleic Acid • Dimethylene Acid A: B: • Distilled Nucleic Acid • Double Nucleic Acid C: D:

  3. A. DNA=deoxyribonucleic acid is a long molecule that is present in basically every cell of nearly all living organisms and contains the genetic information for those organisms.

  4. #2 . • Which of these is NOT a base in DNA? • Cytosine Uracil A: B: Thiamine Guanine C: D:

  5. B. Uracil Uracil is only found in RNA

  6. #3 • In the ladder analogy of the DNA molecule, the "rungs" of the ladder are: • Sugars Phosphates A: B: Joined sugar and phosphates • Paired bases C: D:

  7. D. Paired bases

  8. #4 How many bases does it take to make a code for a protein? one two A: B: three Number can change C: D:

  9. C. Three 3 bases (or rungs)

  10. #5 • Which of the following base pairs would not be found in a cell? • adenine – thymine • cytosine – guanine A: B: • thymine – uracil thymine – adenine C: D:

  11. C. thymine – uracil • Uracil is single stranded (RNA) so it never has a base pair

  12. #6 • The structural shape of DNA is, of course, the famous double helix. What is a "double helix"? • Two Y-shaped strand • Two loops, like a figure eight A: B: • Two spirals, like a twisty ladder • Two X-shaped strands C: D:

  13. C. Two spirals, • like a twisty ladder • Letter D. Two X-shaped strands is wrong. This is a chromosome, which is a lot of double helix DNAs packed tightly together

  14. #7 • DNA regularly undergoes changes to its sequence that can be inherited or cause diseases (for example, cancer). This is known as? • Methylation • Replication A: B: • Mutation • Transformation C: D:

  15. C. mutation Any change in the gene sequence, which can be caused by radiation and chemicals or just be a random mistake

  16. #8 What kind of mutation results in the replacement of one protein building block for another? • Frame Shift • Chromosomal A: B: • Substitution • Deletion C: D:

  17. C. Substitution Also known as a point mutation. The number of bases is not changing (like in a frame shift or deletion) so only 1 codon and 1 protein is affected.

  18. #9 SKIP THIS ONE: Which one of the following is NOT a common characteristic of both RNA and DNA? • Both contain C & G bases in their sequences. • They are both nucleic acids. A: B: • Both contain A& T bases in their sequences. • Both can be found in the nucleus C: D:

  19. D is correct. Only DNA contains A & T nucleotide bases in the sequence; RNA does not have T’s

  20. #10 • Be better adapted • to its environment. Although most mutations are harmful, sometimes a beneficial mutation occurs that helps an organism do what? • Increase its amount of DNA. • Live shorter, happier lives. A: B: • Grow faster. C: D:

  21. D. Be better adapted • to its environment • so that it can survive longer by escaping predators or getting prey easier

  22. #11 SKIP THIS ONE: What is one way that RNA differs from DNA? RNA contains a different kind of sugar • RNA occurs only in the nucleus. A: B: • RNA is a longer molecule. • DNA contains only 3 nitrogenous bases. C: D:

  23. A. RNA contains a different kind of sugar R stands for ribose, which is different from deoxyribose found in DNA

  24. #12 • Our individual DNA makes us unique, but it also makes us human. What percentage of our DNA do humans have in common with our closest primate cousin, the chimpanzee? • Over 60 percent • Over 89 percent A: B: • Over 98 percent • Over 99 percent C: D:

  25. C. Over 98 percent • Humans share over 98 percent of their genes with the chimpanzee. • The remaining 2 percent allows us to take quizzes.

  26. #13 An original DNA base sequence is ATTCCG. What would be the corresponding base pairs? • UAAGGC • TAAGGC A: B: • ATTCCG • UTTCCG C: D:

  27. TAAGGC

  28. #14 • To whom is the discovery of the structure of DNA credited? • Charles Darwin • Gregor Mendel A: B: • Alexander Fleming • Watson & Crick C: D:

  29. D. Watson & Crick

  30. #15 • BONUS: Human DNA is located primarily in the • nucleus of each cell, but small amounts • can also be found in which other part of the cell? Mitochondria Ribosomes A: B: Cell Wall Cytoplasm C: D:

  31. Mitochondria Small amounts of DNA are also housed in the cell’s mitochondria, whose main function is to generate the energy needed for the cell’s functioning. It couldn’t be in the cell wall, because human cells are bound by membranes and lack the cell walls that plants have.

  32. Great Job!!!! Thank you for playing!

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