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Economy and work

VY_32_INOVACE_14-07. Economy and work. History Industry and Agriculture Services Export, Import Work and unemployment. History of British economy.

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Economy and work

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  1. VY_32_INOVACE_14-07 Economy and work History Industry and Agriculture Services Export, Import Workandunemployment

  2. History of British economy • first industrialized world`s country– coal, iron, steel and textile industry – powerful during the 18th - 19th cent., now decliningandreplaced by oilandgasindustry • major worldtradingnationforhundredsofyears – changedafter WWII  the USA • 1960s powerful trade unions  changed when Margaret Thatcher was PM, now voluntary and 28% of workforce belong there

  3. 1970s • 1970s – oil crisis, stock market crash, inflation • 1979 – M. Thatcher: • modernisation of economy, free market, privatisation (railways – expensive), unemployment, strikes, recovery in 1997 • theUK is a memberof: • the EU – half tradewith EU countries, theCommonwealthofNations, the G7, G8, theInternatioanlMonetoryFund … • developed country and theseventh-largestnationaleconomymeasured by GDP

  4. Industry • 18.2 % of the whole labour force • raw materials and deposits: • oil and gas – the North and Irish Sea: BP (British Petroleum), Royal Dutch Shell, BG Group • construction mater.: clay, limestone, sandstone, salt, dolomite, granite… • lead, gold, iron ore, coal • leading industries : chemicals, pharmaceuticals, electronics, vehicles, machines and means of transport, paper, textile, foodand drink, media • majority run by commercial companies (public limited comp.): • British Rail, buses, Br. Airways, gas, oil, water, electricity, British Telecom… • but: The Post Office, The National Health Service – in govern. hands

  5. Rolls-Royce Trent 900 on an Airbus A380 Autor: neznámý, Název: A380-trent900.JPG Zdroj: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A380-trent900.JPG

  6. Agriculture • 1.4 % of the whole labour force • intensive, mechanised • Provides 60% of the UK food needs • trend to organic farming • reduce of artificial fertilisers, pesticides,… • they breed: • livestock – cattle, sheep, pigs, horses, poultry • 2/3 of production • they grow: • wheat, barley, oats, sugar beet, potatoes, flax, hops, vegetables, fruits • 1/3 arable crops • fishing • cod, haddock, shellfish, salmon, trout • forestry and hunting

  7. Services • 80.4 %, earn more than manufacturing and agriculture together • London – the world`s greatest financial centrealongside NY and Tokyo • the most important are financial and business services: • City of London, Canary Wharf, London Stock Exchange • Bank of England - 1694, HSBC, Lloyds, Barclays Bank, Royal Bank of Scotland Group • tourism and transport • the first steam locomotive (1804), the oldest underground • investment, insurance, catering, computing services (English as IT language)

  8. Britishbrands BP, BA, BT British Aerospace Rolls Royce, Land Rover Reuters, FinancialTimes Shell Johnnie Walker, Guiness Tesco, Sainsbury`s, Carrefour…

  9. City of London Autor: Mewiki, Název: City of London.jpg Zdroj: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:City_of_London.jpg

  10. Export / Import • Import: • manufacturing industry has declined  more good imported (Asia): • food, spices…Asia, China • oil…Middle East • machinery • Export: • services, machines, vehicles, chemicals, alcohol, foodstuff • the sixth largest exporter of goods • the second largest exporter of services

  11. Work ‘I like work: it fascinates me. I can sit and look at it for hours.’ Jerome K. Jerome • 70% of Br. households buy their own home, longer working hours, work in a city and live in a small cottage in the country main goal • 37- 40 hours/week, minimum wage about 5.73£/hour • nowadays more part-time jobs, working from home (broadband computer network), flexible hours • 13% self-employed (Chinese, Bangladeshi, Pakistani…corner shops, restaurants, hotels, take aways)

  12. Unemployment • low – 8%…state benefits • equal opportunities, job agencies / state and private • immigrants: more than 600,000 from 2004, have to register…not easy

  13. Thank you for your attention. Autor DUM: Mgr. DarinaSikorová

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