GR _ 1

1. Part Division of the Text GR _ 1 Parts Para(s) Main Ideas With determination and with help from Mr. Crawford, Tony achieved his dream of having his own farm. 1 1~29 Tony’s career set the author thinking about why and to what extent he had been successful. 2 30~33

2. “I mow your lawn,” he said. How many times is the sentence — “I mow your lawn.” — repeated in the text? Why is it repeated? D R _ Text 1-3_S The sentence is repeated four times. That’s because it shows Tony’s determination in finding a job, and his optimistic view that people would help a man who needed a job.

3. Well, what do you do with such determination and hope? Paraphrase the sentence. D R _ Text 11-14_S It is hard to refuse a person who is determined and hopeful to get a job.

4. My wife and I were delighted with what we felt was a satisfying end of the story. D R _ Text 15-16_S 1. Paraphrase the sentence. My wife and I were happy with what Tony had achieved, and thought that the whole thing had thus been settled. 2. Was Tony satisfied with this end? Tony was not satisfied. He kept on working hard until he fulfilled his better dreams.

5. From then on, it was interesting to see that any discarded odds and ends around our place — a broken screen, a bit of hardware, boards from packing — Tony would gather and take home. D R _ Text 21-24_S 1. Why did Tony take home the discarded odds and ends? Tony bought a house, which was a complete wreck. To fix and decorate it, and, above all, to save money, he took home the discarded odds and ends. 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 从那以后，只要我家附近有什么被人扔弃的零星杂物，坏了的屏风啦，五金器具啦，包装纸板啦，托尼都要收起来拿回家，看他这个样子真是有意思。

6. He had hunted around the edge of town until he found a small, abandoned piece of property with a house and shed. D R _ Text 25-26_S 1. What does “property” refer to? “Property” refers to the farm he wanted to buy. 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 他在小镇周边到处找，终于找到一处没人要的一小块地产，有一幢房，还有间小棚。

7. He grew in stature in my mind. D R _ Text 29-30_S1.1 1. Paraphrase the sentence. He grew taller and greater in my mind. His social status greatly improved in my mind.

8. 2. Describe the change of Tony’s social status in Mr. Crawford’s mind. When Mr. Crawford first met Tony, Tony was “about five-foot-seven or eight, and thin”, and his English was broken. He remained standing when he talked to Mr. Crawford. He did not have high social status. After he bought his farm several years later, he “seemed to stand a little straighter”, and he “had a look of confidence”. He and Mr. Crawford “sat down and talked”. His social status improved enough to allow him to sit down with Mr. Crawford. After he passed away, Mr. Crawford thought “he stood as tall, and as proud, as the greatest American industrialists.” D R _ Text 29-30_S1.2

9. Tony did not begin on the bottom rung of the ladder. He began in the basement. • What does “ladder” refer to? And what does • “basement” refer to? D R _ Text 31-33_S1 “Ladder” refers to the way to success. “Basement” refers to Tony’s starting point. He was worse than ordinary people. He had nothing to help him seek his American Dream. 2. What can you infer from the sentence? Tony had nothing when he arrived in the United States, and he built up from nothing.

10. But, after all, the balance sheets were exactly the same. The only difference was where you put the decimal point. • What do balance sheets refer to? And what does • decimal point refer to? D R _ Text 31-33_S2.1 Balance sheets are used to show whether a person or a company is financially successful. Here they are used to judge a person’s life achievements. If the decimal point is moved, a number will become either smaller or bigger. Here it shows the difference in the amount of money Tony and the greatest industrialists had made.

11. 2. What can you infer from the sentences? What Tony and the greatest industrialists achieved was exactly the same. The only difference was that they had different financial success. D R _ Text 31-33_S2.2

12. turn away: refuse to help (sb.) or allow (sb.) to enter a place 他拒绝了所有的应征者。 D R _ word _ turn away1 He turned all the applicants away. He turned away several people who didn’t have the tickets.

13. Collocation: turn down 拒绝；调低 D R _ word _ turn away2 turn in 交还，上交 turn into 使变成 turn off 关；拐弯 turn out 生产，制造；证明，结果 turn over 仔细考虑 turn up 出现，来到；开大，调大

14. work out: plan; solve; calculate 他们已经设计出把宇宙飞船送上太空的方法。 D R _ word _ work out They’ve worked out a method of sending a spacecraft to the space. The accountant has worked out your share of the expense at 1,000 yuan. 会计已算出你的那份花费为1,000元。 Collocation: work at 从事于，致力于 work up 引起，激起，逐渐上升

15. weekly： 1. adj. happening once a week or every week He thinks his weekly wage of 400 yuan is enough. D R _ word _ weekly adv.once a week; every week; by the week 2. 《21世纪报》每周出版一次。 21st Century is published weekly. 3. n.a publication issued once a week Business Weekly《商业周刊》 Publishers’ Weekly(美)《出版商周刊》 a twice weekly 半周刊

16. do with: 1) (used in questions with “what”) deal with Tell me what you did with yourself this week. D R _ word _ do with1 The child didn’t know what to do with himself for excitement. 2) tolerate 我不能忍受他和他的无礼。 I can’t do with him and his impoliteness. (often with “could”, “can”) desire 3) I could do with a cup of tea.

17. Collocation: do without 没有…也行，将就 D R _ word _ do with2 废除，去掉 do away with 代替，适合… do for 对…有益 do good (to) do over 重复

18. determination: n. the ability to continue trying to achieve what you have decided to do even when this is difficult D R _ word _ determination He has great determination to learn English well.

19. personnel: n. • the department in a large organization that deals with • employees; human resources (uncountable noun, used • with a singular or plural verb). D R _ word _ personnel1 personnel administration 人事管理 personnel department 人事部/处/科 personnel director 人事部长/处长/科长

20. 2) all the persons working in an organization, in the army, etc. (often used with a plural verb) The personnel of the company has been increased. D R _ word _ personnel2 全体员工都允许参加晚会。 All personnel were allowed to take part in the party.

21. NB: 此外注意与personal的区别。 personal:个人的，私人的，亲自的，秘密的 Like their personal lives, women’s history is fragmented, interrupted. D R _ word _ personnel3 如同她们的个人生活一样，妇女的历史是支离破碎且断断续续的。 Translate the following into Chinese. a personal appearance 亲自出面 I have something personal to tell you. 我有私人的事要告诉你。

22. capacity:n. 1) the ability to understand or do sth. D R _ word _ capacity1 His capacity for remembering things is interesting. the ability to hold or contain sth. the maximum amount that can be contained 2) The trunk is filled to capacity.

23. CF: capacity, ability, capability & proficiency 这些词都可以表示“能力”的意思。 capacity用于物时，指容纳接受的能力，如容积、容量、生产能力；用于人时，指潜在的能力，多用于才智、道德，尤指接受能力、领悟性、敏感性等。 ability既指天赋的能力，也指培养造就而获得的本领；主要用于人，指已经表现出来的实际能力，尤指人的思维能力。 capability较多用于人，指胜任某项工作的能力、本领。 proficiency 正式用语，带有技术性，指对业务的精通和熟练。 D R _ word _ capacity2

24. CF: capacity, ability, capability & proficiency Fill in the blanks with the words given above. 1. 2. 3. 4. Her mental is very great. The film is beyond the of the children. in several foreign languages is needed for work as a traveler’s guide. He has the of solving practical problems. ability ______ D R _ word _ capacity3 capacity ________ Proficiency __________ capability _________

25. skilled: adj. 1) having skill; trained; experienced a skilled worker 技术熟练的工人 D R _ word _ skilled1 needing skill 2) 技术性工作 skilled work CF: skilled & skillful skilled, skillful表示“有技术的，熟练的”时可以互换。 skilled通常是指受过正规训练，有多年实践经验而掌握某项专门技术。 skillful 是指人聪明，做事很灵巧，尤指手的灵巧。

26. He is a skilled / skillful surgeon. 罗斯的父亲是个熟练的机械师，因而她也很会修理自行车。 D R _ word _ skilled 2 Rose’s father is a skilled mechanic so she has become skillful at repairing bicycles too.

27. for sale: available to be bought 待售，供出售 The company will put the houses for sale. D R _ for sale Not for Sale. 非卖品。 Collocation： 上市，出售；减价，贱卖 on sale a sale on credit 赊购 包退包换的，无法销售可以退货的 on sale or return

28. call on: 1) visit sb. for a short time I’ll call on him tomorrow. D R _ word _ call on1 2) summon; appeal 他们号召全市工人支持这次罢工。 They called on the workers of the city to support the strike. 3) invite; require The host of the party called on the Chairman to speak.

29. Collocation： 邀约；要求；需要 call for D R _ word _ call on2 call off 取消 打电话；召集；使人想起 call up call in 顺路到某处；收回

30. loan: 1. vt. lend The bank loaned me some money. D R _ word _ loan1 The artist loaned her pictures to the museum. 2.n. 1) sth. lent, esp. a sum of money The dictionary is a loan, not a gift. Does the loan carry any interest? 2) lending 我可以借你的打字机用一下吗? May I have the loan of your typewriter?

31. Collocation： ask for the loan of 请求借用… have the loan of … 借… D R _ word _ loan 2 on loan 出借的 a domestic (foreign) loan 内（外）债 a public / government loan 公债, 国库券 a loan for consumption 消费贷款 a loan on security 担保贷款 a gift (interest-free) loan 无息贷款 a long-term loan 长期贷款 a mortgage loan 抵押贷款, 抵押借款

32. character: n. • the particular collection of qualities that make sb. / • sth. different from others D R _ word _ character1 He has a strong but gentle character. 品质的培养应是教育的重点。 Character building should be the main point of education. The new buildings have changed the character of the village.

33. 2) person in a play, movie, etc. I find all the characters in his new play very real. D R _ word _ character2 3) letter, sign or mark used in a system of writing or printing a Chinese character 一个汉字 汉字看起来像是一幅幅小图画。 The characters in Chinese writing look like small pictures.

34. CF: character, characteristic, feature & personality 这些词都是名词，都有“性格”、“品质”、“特征”的意思。 character指成年人已经充分发展的生活方式，而且往往与品格有关。 characteristic 指某物的任何方面，不涉及全局的重要性，但常指有代表性的一个侧面，常用于科技领域。 feature通常指外貌的特征或特别的、附加的、有吸引力的东西。 personality 偏重指一个人表现出来的无法明确阐述的整个情绪方面的特点，不与形容词连用时表示情感上的吸引力。 D R _ word _ character3

35. CF: character, characteristic, feature & personality Fill in the blanks with the words given above and translate the sentences into Chinese. feature 1. An aquiline nose was her best . _______ D R _ word _ character4 鹰钩鼻是她最明显的特征。 character 2. He can read a guy’s at the first glance. ________ 他一眼就可以看出一个人的品质。 personality 3. He has character but no . __________ 他有性格但没有个性。 characteristic 4. A psychological report lists every possible of the person being studied. ____________ 一份心理学报告列举了研究对象所有可能有的特性。

36. confidence: n. the quality of being certain of one’s abilities or of trusting other people D R _ word _ confidence I took them into my confidence. I have every confidence in your ability to succeed. 我告诉你这件事是因为绝对相信你会保守秘密的。 I am telling you this in strict confidence.

37. send for: ask for the arrival of I was seriously ill and my father had to send for a doctor. D R _ word _send for Do you want to send for the police?

38. hunt: v. 1) search thoroughly (for) 警察在山中搜索逃犯。 D R _ word _ hunt The police are hunting for the escaped criminal in the mountain. They were hunting the area for a new apartment. 2) go after (wild animals) for food or sport We often go out hunting in the holiday.

39. abandon: v. give up completely and forever D R _ word _ abandon The cruel father abandoned his newborn daughter. One of my classmates had to abandon the trip because of his father’s illness.

40. property: n. 1) land, buildings or both together Little property was left in the small country after the war. D R _ word _property 2) The thing or things that sb. owns The factory is my uncle’s private property. public property 公共财产 personal property 动产 real property 不动产

41. sometime: adv. at a time that is unknown or has not yet been fixed CF: sometime, sometimes & some time sometime 在某时候, 曾经 sometimes有时，不时，间或 some time一段时间 D R _ word _sometime 我希望明年某个时候你再来。 I hope you will come again sometime next year. 我有时会收到他的信。 I sometimes hear from him. 我已经等了你一些时候了。 I have been waiting for you for some time.

42. sponsor: 1.v. support by giving money, encouragement or other help The exhibition was sponsored by the Society of Culture. D R _ word _ sponsor 一些大公司赞助了这次的时装表演。 Some large companies sponsored this fashion show. 2)n.one who puts forward or guarantees a proposal a sponsor country 主办国

43. approach: 1. v. come near or nearer to The boys had approached the tunnel when they played the game.   D R _ word _ approach 性能近乎完美。 The performance approaches perfection. The young teacher is easy to approach and all the students like to answer her questions. 2. n. way   每个人的学习方法都不一样。 Everyone has his own approach to study.

44. pass away: die He passed away peacefully. D R _ word _ pass away Collocation: 不注意，忽视 pass by 使传下来 pass down 对…不加考虑 pass over 失去知觉，昏倒 pass out 终止，停止 pass off

45. handle: 1. v. 1) manage; control D R _ word _ handle How to handle the contradiction correctly among the people is important to steady development. 正确处理人们内部的矛盾对稳定发展很重要。 2) touch, lift, or hold with the hands Wash your hands before you handle the white paper. 2.n. a part that is designed to be held or operated with the hand The handle is not well fixed.

46. above all: most important of all He was concerned above all with the truth of the accident. D R _ word _ above all Collocation： after all 毕竟, 终究, 归根结底 完全, 全然 at all 首先 first of all 总计；总的说来 in all 几乎, 差一点；除…外全部 all but all in all 总之

47. balance: 1.n. • the difference between the credit and the debit side; a remainder D R _ word _ balance1 a bank balance 银行余额 剩下来的工资全用来购买花卉栽培的新书上了。 The balance of the wages was devoted to new books on flower culture. You may keep the balance. 2) a weighing device The balance is an apparatus for weighing, not for you to play.

48. 3) a state of equilibrium 孩子骑在他的新自行车上用双腿保持平衡。 The child could keep his balance with his legs on his new bicycle. D R _ word _ balance2 2. v. 1)keep or put sth. in a steady position I’m trying to balance on the ball on one foot in order to win the prize.   2) show equal totals of debits and credits My accounts balance for the first time this year!

49. Useful Expressions broken English 1. 结结巴巴的英语2-2 A R _ Useful Expressions 1 the Depression days 2. 大萧条时期 4-2 3. 上门求助4-4 come to sb. for help rebuild one’s business   4. 重整业务8-2 Summer passes into fall. 5. 夏去秋来11-1 6. 人事部门13-1 personnel department 7. 培训工人15-1 train laborers

50. 8. 徒工学校16-1 9. 精密加工工作15-3 10. 减薪水 11. 人品贷款19-1 12. 没门19-2 13. 人品端正20-2 14. 首付21-2 an apprentice school precision work A R _ Useful Expressions 2 take a cut in pay loan money on character no sale a man of character down payment