The Safety Health of Maintenance Engineering (SHoMe) Tool

1. The Safety Health of Maintenance Engineering (SHoMe) Tool Steve Mason Principal Human Factors Consultant HSEC Ltd

2. Error Types & Action Strategies • Cannot physically achieve goal - improved ergonomics • Slips & Lapses + Distractions - design & interlocks • Mistakes - training, job aids • Violations • - safety culture + organisational factors

3. Existing Guidelines/Tools • Maintainability Design Handbook • Bretby Maintainability Index • HFRG Guide to reducing violations • HFRG Guide to reducing maintenance error • HSEC Human Factors Solutions • SHoMe

4. Reactive, Proactive, or Both?

5. SHoMe Basic StructureSafety Health of Maintenance Engineering • Evidence of Non-Compliance • E.g: risk taking, errors through tiredness, supervisors condoning unapproved actions, etc • Potential Root Issues affecting Compliance • Factors known to have caused problems • Factors that could cause problems Part(s) of Job Causing Most Difficulties

6. SHoMe Staff Groups Technical Certifying Staff Technical Non-Certifying Staff Management & Technical Support Staff (e.g. planners, )

7. Questionnaire Administration

8. Questionnaire Administration • Avoid issuing questionnaires & collecting them in at the end of a shift – response by committee! • Preferably – organise small groups, lead with introduction my management (& unions if possible) • Stress anonymity and purpose of the surveys • Emphasise that feedback will be given & acted upon (if appropriate) • Please: ensure correct question set is issued

9. Example Generic Questions

10. Extract Job Difficulty Questionnaire

11. Extract from Organisational Questionnaire

12. Prioritising Results Ranked Evidence of Non-Compliance Ranked Major Root Issues [19] Ranked Human Factors Issues – Generic Q Ranked Issues – Organisational Q

13. 19 MAJOR H.F. ISSUES

14. Results Presentation

15. HSEC SHoMe ToolVersion 1.0September 2003 This tool was developed by HSEC Ltd, on behalf of the UK CAA The tool may be freely copied, distributed and used for flight safety purposes, but not resold for commercial purposes The SHoMe tool must be used in conjunction with the user manual The software is not supported

16. Scoring Criteria GENERIC QUESTIONNAIRE: Good < 35 Worthy of Attention > 55 Concern > 65 ORGANISATIONAL QUESTIONNAIRE: Probably Acceptable < 15 Concern > 30

23. Job Difficulty

25. Using SHoMe data Show Differences between Cert, Non-Cert, Support Staff ‘Big Picture’ – are there any major concerns?

26. Typical Questions Are there any significant differences between those who have worked in the Industry for > 20 years and those new to the Industry? Are the problems with contract staff significantly different from those with permanent staff? Differences within one company with staff at two sites. Differences between those working long hours.

27. SUMMARY Human Factors Issues are important & need to be managed SHoMe does not rely on incidents/near misses SHoMe requires investment in time by all staff Hopefully – we agree it complements existing tools Freely available + option for Industry benchmarking