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MODELS OF STRESS & COPING

MODELS OF STRESS & COPING. Models of Stress-Coping describe relationship between: Stressor Stress reaction & levels Coping strategies Adaptation Influencing factors. General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) Model. 3 stages: a. Alarm stage b. Resistance stage c. Exhaustion stage. Lazarus Model.

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MODELS OF STRESS & COPING

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  1. MODELS OF STRESS & COPING • Models of Stress-Coping describe relationship between: • Stressor • Stress reaction & levels • Coping strategies • Adaptation • Influencing factors.

  2. General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) Model 3 stages: a. Alarm stage b. Resistance stage c. Exhaustion stage

  3. Lazarus Model • Interaction of person with environment • Role of appraisal – primary & secondary appraisal • Primary appraisal – analyses the stressor & determines it (+ve or –ve). Differences individuals would look different kinds of stress. • Secondary appraisal –Subject determines can cope or not, deciding what coping options • Stress arises only when a particular transaction is appraised by the person as relevant • Re-appraisal, continually evaluating, changing or re-labeling primary or secondary appraisal as situation progress.

  4. General Stress Model, Weitan (1994) • Subjective-cognitive appraisal is inculcated • Intensity of emotional, physiological & behavioral problem • The subjective appraisal & intensity will effect the adjustment

  5. Matheny Model (1986) • Factor how individual cope with stress • Stress level influenced by type of stressor & individual perception • Individual coping resources will influence the coping strategy

  6. Moos & Swindle (1990) Looking at the anticipating stressor at various level: a. Environment – ongoing life stressor b. Individual – socio demographic, personal resources c. Life events – getting married, divorce

  7. ABC-X MODEL of FAMILY STRESS • A= The event or the stressor (normative or non-normative) • B= The Family’s Resources – individuals, family, community • C= The definition or perception which family gives to the event –challenge, optimism, hopeless • X = the resulting crisis (adaptation or maladaptatin)

  8. Double ABC-X Model • Expand original ABC-X model and add post crisis • aA= additional stressors • bB= additional resources • cC= reinterpretations

  9. The Family Process of Adjustment & Adaptation @ Resiliency Model • Family adaptation over time to chronic stress • It consists adjustment phase & the adaptation phase.

  10. Roller-Coaster Profile of Adjustment 4 stages model • Crisis 2. Disorganization 3. Recovery 4. Reorganization

  11. Biopsychosocial Model • Combine concept of biology & psychosocial • 3 components: • A) An external component • B) An internal component • C) Interaction between external & internal

  12. Multisystem Assessment of Stress & Health (MASH) • 3 primary component (stress, coping resources, satisfaction) • 4 level of a person’s life (personal, work, couple & family • 4 key coping resources (problem solving, communication, closeness, flexibility)

  13. Diathesis – Stress Model • Psychological theory that explain behavior as both a result of biological and genetic factors & life experiences • Discuss the influences of stress to mental disorders

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