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Elements of Argumentation:

Elements of Argumentation:. Purpose:. the specific reason or reasons for the writing. It conveys what the readers have to gain by reading the essay. A writer's purpose might be to:. * support a cause *Promote a change *Refute a theory *Stimulate interest *Win agreement *Arouse sympathy

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Elements of Argumentation:

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  1. Elements of Argumentation:

  2. Purpose: the specific reason or reasons for the writing. It conveys what the readers have to gain by reading the essay.

  3. A writer's purpose might be to: * support a cause *Promote a change *Refute a theory *Stimulate interest *Win agreement *Arouse sympathy *Provoke anger

  4. Audience: is the writer's targeted reader or readers. The relationship between the writer and the audience is critical.

  5. Here are some questions to ask yourself as you pre-write: • Who exactly is the audience? • What do they know? • What do they believe? • What do they expect? • How will the audience disagree with me? • What will they want me to address or answer? • How can I-or should I-use jargon? • Should I use language that is formal, factual, and objective-or familiar, anecdotal, and personal?

  6. Classical Argumentative Scheme Part 1: Introductory Paragraph *Catch interest *Present the issue or topic with concrete image or anecdote *Provide any relevant background information *Define Pertinent terms *State claim (or thesis statement)

  7. Part II: Concession or Refutation • First, briefly recognize and then at length argue against opposing viewpoints, perhaps by finding weaknesses within the opposing reasons, facts, testimony, or logical development. • Remember: Yes...but • "Yes" is the concession; "but" is the refutations

  8. Part III: Confirmation Paragraphs • The body of the essay! • Provides reasons and evidence of a writer's claim.

  9. Part IV: Concluding Paragraph *Wrap up the argument *Restate the claim *Provide a new appeal to needs or values *Enrich with additional commentary *Voice a final plea for readers to take action or to change thinking *Refrain from repeating any information

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