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Health 4250

Health 4250. Eating Disorders Adapted from a presentation by Gordon James, Jennifer Turley & Kim Hyatt Weber State University. Quiz. There are two types of body fat: essential fat and storage fat. There is a healthy range of body fat and it is the same for men and women.

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Health 4250

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  1. Health 4250 Eating Disorders Adapted from a presentation by Gordon James, Jennifer Turley & Kim Hyatt Weber State University

  2. Quiz • There are two types of body fat: essential fat and storage fat. • There is a healthy range of body fat and it is the same for men and women. • 30 percent body fat is healthy for women. • If your body fat goes above healthy range, you are at increased risk for developing certain diseases.

  3. Quiz • It doesn’t matter whether you carry your fat around your waist or your hips or thighs. Fat is fat! • The more lean body mass (muscle) you have, the easier it is to maintain your weight. • Strength (“resistance”) training can help you increase your lean body mass.

  4. Quiz • Aiming to lower your percent body fat is always better. • When you lose weight, you lose both lean mass and fat. • To lose weight, it doesn’t matter what kind of method you use as long as your weight goes down.

  5. What is Obesity • Body fatness significantly in excess of the level that is consistent with optimal health.

  6. How is Obesity Measured? • Obesity is defined by Body Mass Index BMI = weight (kg)/height (m)2 • For Adults: A BMI score of 25-29.9, is overweight and a BMI score of ≥ 30 is obese. • For children, BMI is age and gender specific.

  7. Overweight > 95th percentile • Risk of overweight > 85th to < 95th percentile

  8. Prevalence of Overweight Among U.S. Children and Adolescents ~ 4.7 million youth (6-17 years old) are overweight or obese. • *Gender- and age-specific BMI > the 95th percentile • Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)

  9. Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults1991 CDC Source: Mokdad A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc1999;282:16, 2001;286:10.

  10. Obesity Trends Among U.S. Adults2001 CDC Source: Mokdad A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc1999;282:16, 2001;286:10.

  11. Root Causes of Obesity (genetics)

  12. Food Guide PyramidRealities inschool-age children • Only 2% meet the Food Guide Pyramid model for all food groups. • <30% eat the recommended amount from any 1 food group. • More than 84% over consume total fat & Sat. Fat. • 51% eat < 1 serving fruit/day. • 29% eat < 1 serving of vegetable/day that is not fried. • All age groups have shifted from milk & real fruit juice to soda & fruit drinks • loaded with added sugar.

  13. Portion Distortion getting fatter faster

  14. Diminished Exercise & Fitness • Television • Video Games • Internet • Decreased aerobic activity in PE Class • Increased powered transportation (urban design) 2002 recommend: 60 minutes cummulative moderate activity every day! Only 25% of 12-21 year olds participate in light to moderate activity everyday.

  15. Humans do have genes favoring energy intake and storage. 70+ loci, genes, or markers may contribute to a susceptibility to obesity. But, the obesity epidemic is accounted for by ONLY environmental factors as the gene pool has not changed over the last 15 years. Genetics 20-40% of Obesity Is Due to Genetic Factors

  16. Why is Obesity of Concern? Chronic diseases & Medical Conditions Heart disease Cancer Stroke Type 2 diabetes Depression High blood pressure High blood cholesterol & triglycerides High blood sugar.

  17. Overweight & Obesity:A Public Health Priority • Adopting a life-long healthy lifestyle • Increase “purposeful” activity • Decrease sedentary behaviors • Improve dietary choices • Use available support mechanisms to promote and retain behavior changes. • Prevention & Intervention to improve health & reduce risk. • Everyone needs to be involved.

  18. Focal Points • Families: • 31% of adolescents eat 1x/day with family. • 52% watch TV while eating. • Businesses (worksite) • Health care organizations • Communities • Media: targets preference for high fat/sugar foods & social factors. • Schools

  19. Schools • Schools reach > 95% of all children and adolescents age 5-17. • Of the 53.2 million school-age children and adolescents, 27 million participate in NSLP with 7.4 in SBP. • Food Service: Plan NSLP & SBP. • Control Pricing, Vending machines, Snack bars. • Provide enough time to eat right Healthy Schools are Junk-food-Free schools.

  20. Process for Success • Create Consistent policies & messages. • Change environment to match policy, consider cultural & social factors. • Implement curriculum and instructions (PE, Health, integrate with Science, etc). • Provide safe extracurricular activities. • Involve families. • Train everyone involved. • Provide services & programs. • Evaluate.

  21. Dissatisfaction with body • 12.6% US females, 5.5% males took diet pills… • 7.8% females, 2.9% males vomited, laxatives… • 68.4% females, 51% males exercise…

  22. Anorexia/Bulimia • 25-50% of body weight lost • Falsely characterized as “epidemic” • Far more common among females • North America and Europe • Affluent and educated

  23. Media

  24. Onset • Genetics and hormones • Psychological factors • Culture

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