MANNERS AND MANNERISM Week 6

2. MANNERS AND MANNERISMWeek 6 Matakuliah : V0052 Tahun : 2008

3. Learning Outcomes On completion of this unit, the students should be able to explain and understand the manners and mannerism applied in various cultures. It covers dinning etiquette, cocktail parties, restaurant behavior, social norm, and taboos. Mahasiswa dapat menjelaskan dan memahami aturan dan tata cara (manners and mannerism) yang berlaku di berbagai budaya yang meliputi etika jamuan makan, pesta cocktail, sikap di restoran, norma-norma sosial dan tabu. HO 0708

4. Subjects • Dining etiquette • Cocktail parties • Restaurant behavior • Social norms • Taboos HO 0708

5. Week 6Dining Etiquette: Eating Hours HO 0708

6. Week 6Dining Etiquette: Bon Appétit In most countries, the signal to start eating is given by the host or hostess. In France: “ Bon appétit ” In Germany: “ Guten appetit “ In Italy: “ Buon appetito “ In Japan: “ Itidakimasu ”(I am receiving). HO 0708

7. Week 6Dining Etiquette: Courses • Anglo-Saxons are used to eating 3 courses; starter, main course, and dessert. • British tend to put as much as they can on one plate. • French serve many side dishes separately. • Japanese can serve a very large number of dishes one after another (e.g. 19 courses), each containing a small, easily digestible amount. HO 0708

8. Week 6Dining Etiquette: Starters HO 0708

9. Week 6Dining Etiquette: Starters • Soups are normally eaten with metal soup spoons. But in China, spoons are ceramic and a special shape. • In Japan and Korea, when eating soup, one lifts the soup bowl to the mouth and drinks the contents accompanied by slurping. • Most Europeans tip their soup dishes towards themselves when spooning out the last dregs. HO 0708

10. Week 6Dining Etiquette: Japanese • Seating on tatami • Use chopsticks for eating • Give compliment for the food garnish (say how nice everything looks) • Keep eating a little of each dish at a time withour finishing any off • Lift up your glass when someone offers to fill it • When drinking sake, turn your sake cup upside down when you don’t want any more sake HO 0708

11. Week 6Dining Etiquette: Chinese • Use chopsticks • Never say that you are hungry during the meal • When the meal is ended, the host will stand up and thank you for coming HO 0708

12. Week 6Dining Etiquette: Arabs • Seating on a carpet, linoleum or the smooth surface • Using hand when eating HO 0708

13. Week 6Dining Etiquette: British • Use the knife in the right hand and fork in the left hand • The British habit of eating vegetables (even peas) with the fork upside down is viewed as ridiculous by the Americans and Europeans • Do not put your elbow on the table when eating • After finish the meal, you should put both of your hands on your lap (on the contrary, Mexicans are told to put their hands on the table during and after the meal. It is taboo to hide your hands under the table) HO 0708

14. Week 6Dining Etiquette: American • Use fork for eating. Knife is only used for cutting meat or vegetables. • First they cut the meat with their knife in the right hand and fork in the left. Then they put the knife down by the side of the plate, transfer the fork from left hand to right. HO 0708

15. Week 6Dining Etiquette: French • Use bread as an extra utensils, pushing everything else around with it and eventually employing a chunck to wipe the plate clean. HO 0708

16. Week 6Dining Etiquette: French • Use bread as an extra utensils, pushing everything else around with it and eventually employing a chunck to wipe the plate clean. HO 0708

17. Week 6Cocktail Party: Arrival Time • Japanese will arrive at the party 10 minutes before it starts • German and Swiss will come on time • American and British will come a bit late, followed by French • Brazilian will show up an hour after the party is due to end HO 0708

18. Week 6Cocktail Party: Small Talk • Russians like drinking and sitting down • Americans, with their mobile nature and easy social manners, excell at small talk • Australians and Canadians also have no difficulty in creating small talk. French and British are also practiced cocktailers • Germans simply do not believe in it. Germans and Russians prefer to talk to close friends rather than talking to strangers. HO 0708

19. Week 6Cocktail Party: Small Talk • Finns and Japanese are frightened to death by the small talk. • Finns are unused to chatter and they actually buy booklets on small talk • Japanese are never quite sure what to talk about with foreigners • Swedes usually dry up after about 10 minutes • Mexicans, Peruvians and Argentineans love to talk. At a party, they will talk more and eat less. HO 0708

20. Week 6Cocktail Party: What to Drink • The Frenchs like to drink Scotch after dinner and as an aperitif. Britishs like it with soda and the Americans drink it on the rocks. Japanese drink Scoth with water (mizuwari) • Gin and tonic, campari soda or campari orange are favourites with ladies of most nationalities • Germans like white wine, Spaniards and Portuguese prefer red, Russians vodka • When Americans ask for a martini, they mean 99% dry gin with just a drop of vermouth in it, often with olive or cocktail onion for good looks. With olive it is called a martini, with an onion a Gibson. When Americans ask for whiskey, they mean bourbon. HO 0708

21. Week 6Restaurant Behavior • Famous international dishes are French, Italian, Chinese and Indian cuisines • Ethnic cuisines that are gradually establishing their reputation on an international basis are Greek, Mexican, Russian, Spanish, Korean, Indonesian, Thai and Japanese. HO 0708

22. Week 6Restaurant Ambiances • Restaurants in Spain, Latin America, China, Hong Kong and Indonesia are usually convivial and noisy • Restaurants in England, the US and Japan are more conducive to quiet socializing or business discussion • In Finland and Sweden, guests will be asked to leave if they are too boisterous or unduly inebriated • In Japan, it is considered good if the boss drink more than his subordinates, then perhaps leave early. HO 0708

23. Week 6Restaurant Ambiances • In Russia and Bavaria, it is not uncommon for strangers to join you at your table. In Munich people occasionally bring their dogs and ask if they may sit them under the table. • When taking Japanese out to a restaurant, you should be aware that they are not allowed to choose freely from the menu. The Senior Japanese in the group will usually choose the least expensive meal and his colleagues will have to follow suit. The correct action is not to let them choose, but to recommend strongly the most expensive dish on the menu. If you do so, Japanese will have no hesitation in treating you with equal generousity in Japan. HO 0708

24. Week 6Paying the Bill and Tipping • In most Asian countries, particularly in Japan and China, the question of who pays the bill is quite clear before the meals. • Latin waiter usually expect some tips from the service given to the guests. • Tip is not common in Japan, China and Australia. • In France, waiters are capable of throwing the tip on the floor if they consider it insufficient. HO 0708

25. Week 6Social Norms • The Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavians are probably the most informal societies in the early 21st century • Japanese lead the world in standards of politeness • Asians in general display consistent courtesy to foreigners and to each other • French are probably the most formal of the Europeans. Spanish are known for their warmth, Italian for their flexibility, and German for their righteousness. HO 0708

26. Week 6Social Norms • Do not open gifts in front of Asians and Arabs. The danger of someone losing face is too great. • In Asia one generally wraps up presents in red paper. White color is considered as unlucky color and associated with death. HO 0708

27. Week 6Social Norms • In Japan, Korea and some other countries men walk in front of women and precede them up and down stairs. • In Russia it is polite to make short speech with every toast. • In Russia, people don’t answer people’s telephones. • In Thailand, a pale face is a sign of beauty in a woman. Don’t ask if she is sick or unwell. HO 0708

28. Week 6Social Norms • Chinese belive in feng shui. They will follow feng shui to construct buildings and arrange furnitures. • In Madagascar the dead are considered more important and more influential than the living. • Polynesians bite their head of a newly deceased relative to make sure he has really passed away. HO 0708

29. Week 6Taboos • Madagascar: • A woman may not wash her brother’s clothes • Pregnant women may not eat brains or sit in doorways • Children may not say their father’s name or refer to any part of his body • Russia: • It is bad to stand with your hands in your pockets • You should not sit with legs apart • Coats should not be worn indoors • No whistling in the street • No lunches on park lawns • No public display of affection • Don’t ask people where the toilet is (especially when you ask the opposite sex – Never do that) HO 0708

30. Week 6Taboos • Malaysia: • Do not point with your index finger. You may point with your thumb • Indonesia: • The head is regarded as a sacred and should not be touched by another • Korea: • Well-brought-up young people do not smoke or drink in front of elders. • Taiwan: • Do not write message in red ink HO 0708

31. Week 6Taboos • Arab countries: • It is taboo to drink alcohol, eat pork or to ask about the health of a man’s womenfolk. • Do not openly admire his possessions as he may feel obliged to give them to you. HO 0708

32. QUESTIONS? HO 0708

33. Review Questions 3 • What are the benefits of learning manners and mannerism from different cultures? Explain your reasons. • What do you have to do when you have a business with a Japanese and want to ask him out for dinner? • Explain the behavior of a German, an American, a Japanese, a Russian, and a Latin American in a cocktail party. HO 0708