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NIGHT VISION ORIENTATION

NIGHT VISION ORIENTATION. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE. Action: Compensate for Visual limitations. Condtions: While performing as an aircrew member. Standard: In accordance with FM 1-301,FM 8-2, and TC 1-204. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE. Depth perception Visual acuity Blind spot

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NIGHT VISION ORIENTATION

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  1. NIGHT VISION ORIENTATION

  2. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE • Action: Compensate for Visual limitations. • Condtions: While performing as an aircrew member. • Standard: In accordance with FM 1-301,FM 8-2, and TC 1-204.

  3. ENABLING LEARNINGOBJECTIVE • Depth perception • Visual acuity • Blind spot • Night adaptation • Color vision Identify the limitations of night vision

  4. DEPTH PERCEPTION

  5. VISUAL ACUITY

  6. BLIND SPOT

  7. NIGHT ADAPTATION • 30 to 45 min. for complete adaptation. • Can take up to 3 to 4 hr. if exposed to the glare of snow, water, or sun.

  8. COLORS VISION

  9. CHECK ON LEARNING

  10. CUES TO DEPTH PERCEPTION • Binocular cues • Monocular cues

  11. BINOCULAR CUES • Valuable only when object is close. • Each eye has a slightly different view.

  12. MONOCULAR CUES • Object seen as one picture. • Are derived from experience

  13. GEOMETRIC PERSPECTIVE • Linear perceptive. • Apparent foresighting. • Vertical position in the field.

  14. LINEAR PERSPECTIVE Parallel lines tend to converge.

  15. APPARENTFORESHORTENING The shape of object appears elliptical

  16. VERTICAL POSITION IN THE FIELD Objects appear to be higher on the horizon.

  17. RETINAL IMAGE SIZE • Known size of objects. • Increasing of decreasing size of objects. • Terrestrial association. • Overlapping contours.

  18. KNOWN SIZE OF AN OBJECT

  19. INCREASING OR DECREASING SIZE OF AND OBJECT Increase in size Decrease in size

  20. TERRESTRIAL ASSOCIATION

  21. OVERLAPPING CONTOURS

  22. AERIAL PERSPECTIVE • Fading colors or shades. • Loss of detail of texture. • Position of light source.

  23. FADING COLORS AND SHADES • Objects viewed through haze, fog and smoke. • Transmission of light.

  24. LOSS OF DETAIL OR TEXTURE

  25. POSITION OF LIGHT SOURCE AND DIRECTION OF SHADOW Direction of the shadow

  26. MOTION PARALLAX • Very important cue. • Relative motion. • Depends on the distance of the object.

  27. CHECK ON LEARNING

  28. VISUAL ILLUSIONS

  29. GENERAL INFORMATION • Decrease in visual information. • Spatial Disorientation. • The most reliable senses. • Misinterpretation of what is seen.

  30. RELATIVE MOTION ILLUSION • Motion between you and a moving object. • Confusing as to who is moving.

  31. GROUND LIGHTS MISINTERPRETATION • Misinterpretation of lights

  32. FALSE VERTICAL ILLUSION Misinterpretation of the horizon

  33. CHECK ON LEARNING

  34. DEPTH PERCEPTION ILLUSION • Flying over sand, snow, or water. • Flying through haze, smoke, or fog.

  35. STRUCTURAL ILLUSION • Curved glass, heat waves, rain, snow, sleet, or other disturbance. • Disturbance/distortion.

  36. AUTOKINETIC ILLUSION • Lack of visual references. • Off center vision and scanning pattern.

  37. SIZE DISTANCE • False perception of distance from an object on the ground or in the air. • Misinterprets an unfamiliar object’s size to be the same as an object they are normally accustomed to viewing.

  38. FLICKER VERTIGO • Light flickers at a rate of 4 to 20 cycles per second. • May cause nausea, vomiting convulsions and unconsciousness.

  39. FASCINATION/FIXATION • Pilot intent on hitting target. • Pilot forgets to fly aircraft. • Fly into target or ground.

  40. REVERSIBLE PERSPECTIVE ILLUSION • Happens at night. • An aircraft flying parallel to yours. • Corrective actions. • Observe the aircraft lights.

  41. ALTERED PLANES OF REFERENCES • Approaching a line of clouds or mountains. • Climb in altitude. • Tend to tilt away from the clouds.

  42. CHECK ON LEARNING

  43. NERVE AGENTS • Effects on night vision. • Miosis (pupils will not dilate in low ambient light). • Minimal to severe symptoms. • Recovery may take up to 20 days. • Insidious onset.

  44. CHECK ON LEARNING

  45. FLIGHT HAZARDS • Solar glare • Bird strike • Laser

  46. SOLAR GLARE

  47. BIRD STRIKE

  48. LASERS • Type of laser. • The energy output. • Exposure time. • Distance from the laser.

  49. CHECK ON LEARNING

  50. LASERS • LASERS - light amplification by a stimulated emission of radiation. • Very narrow beam of light. • Progressively wider with distance. • May cause severe injuries, burning of the eyes.

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