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Interdependence

Interdependence. Social Exchange. Premise: We seek interactions with others that provide maximum reward at minimum cost and we only stay with those who provide sufficient profit. People want the best possible outcome Interdependence Theory (Thibaut & Kelley). Social Exchange: Rewards & Costs.

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Interdependence

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  1. Interdependence

  2. Social Exchange • Premise: We seek interactions with others that provide maximum reward at minimum cost and we only stay with those who provide sufficient profit. • People want the best possible outcome • Interdependence Theory (Thibaut & Kelley)

  3. Social Exchange: Rewards & Costs • Rewards- anything within an interaction that is desirable and welcome and that brings enjoyment or fulfillment to the recipient • Costs- punishing, undesirable experiences • Outcome- describes the net profit or loss a person encounters, all things considered • Outcome=Rewards-Costs

  4. What Do We Expect From Our Relationships? • What Do We Expect from Our Relationships • Comparison level (CL)- the value of the outcomes that we believe we deserve in our dealings with others • Based on past experience • People with past rewarding relationships are likely to have high CLs or expect more in current relatioships • Our CLs are the standards by which our satisfaction in a relationship is measure

  5. What Do We Expect From Our Relationships? • What Do We Expect from Our Relationships II. • Happiness will depend on the extent to which outcomes surpass your expectations Outcomes > CL = happy Outcomes < CL= unhappy Or Outcomes-CL=Satisfaction/Dissatisfaction

  6. How Well Could We Do Elsewhere? • Satisfaction is not the only factor that determines how long a relationship lasts • Comparison Level for Alternatives (Clalt) • The outcome we could receive by leaving our current relationship and moving to the best alternative partnership or situation we have available • Clalt = lowest level of outcome we will tolerate from our present partner • Clalt determines our relationship dependence

  7. How Well Could We Do Elsewhere? • Clalt can be considered a global outcome thus if a person can be happy and yet end the relationship if the Clalt is better. • Clalt is what a person thinks it is (perception of self-worth or other situation are their reality) • Your situation may not provide alternatives • Spouses who divorce are usually unhappy for a long time prior to the divorce. They finally do so when new and better alternatives come along.

  8. Four Types of Relationships

  9. CL and Claltas Time Goes By • If perfect relationship then CL goes up and you now expect more yet your outcomes remain the same • Take it for granted • American Culture Provides a High CL • Women’s rights has increased Clalt • Now more unhappy and unstable relationships

  10. Economies of Relationships • On any given day 44% are likely to be annoyed by a lover or friend • Intimacy and Interdependence often give people permission to be impolite instead of courteous and considerate • Bad is Stronger Than Good • Rewards-to-Cost ration of at least 5-to-1 (Gotman) • Love Languages

  11. Average Marriage Trajectory

  12. Rewards and Costs as Time Goes By

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