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Plant Kingdom. Characteristics: Multi-cellular organisms Have eukaryotic cells Cell walls contain cellulose Carry out photosynthesis with a pigment called chlorophyll & organelles called chloroplasts Called autotrophs or producers. What plants need to survive:. Sunlight
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Plant Kingdom Characteristics: Multi-cellular organisms Have eukaryotic cells Cell walls contain cellulose Carry out photosynthesis with a pigment called chlorophyll & organelles called chloroplasts Called autotrophs or producers
What plants need to survive: • Sunlight • Water & Minerals • Gas Exchange of Carbon Dioxide & Oxygen
Photosynthesis • CO2 + H20 + Sunlight C6H12O6 + O2 • C6H12O6 is also called • Glucose • Carbohydrate • Sugar
Plant Cells & Chloroplasts Q: What other organisms have chloroplasts?
Plants are divided into 2 large groups Plant Kingdom! Nonvascular (Bryophyta): plants without tubes Vascular (Tracheophyta): plants with important tubes
Nonvascular plants are divided into 2 groups. Nonvascular - Bryophytes Moss:lives in damp places! Liverwort: also lives in damp places!
T or F. Animals reproduce sexually and plants reproduce asexually. F. The vast majority of both animals and plants reproduce sexually.
Reproductive Parts- Sporophyte= asexual - Gametophyte= sexual Moss Liverwort
Alternation of Generations- form of reproduction in moss/liverworts. Both sex and asex needed Sexual: The plant makes sperm and eggs. When these fertilize, spore capsule on a stick forms. Sperm and eggs produced here.
Spore Capsule Asexual:The spores release, drop to the ground, and make new plants.
Vascular Plants • Have tube-like cells called tracheids • Tracheids transport water, minerals and food • Allows vascular plants to be much larger than nonvascular plants
Vascular Plants – 3 groups • Ferns: Reproduce by alternation of generations. • Gymnosperms: Plants with cones. “Naked Seeds” • Angiosperms: Plants with flowers. “Covered Seeds.”
Close up of Spore capsules Q: What other organisms reproduce using spores?
Lives for 2 weeks, and... produces sperm and egg
A new fern grows! New ferns are called “fiddleheads”
Parts of a fern – matching! a. Underground stem b. Where spores are stored c. Above ground stem d. Large leaf e. Takes up water & nutrients • Frond • Stalk • Roots • Sori • Rhizome
Conifers have a male cone and female cone. The female cone produces the ovules and… The male cone produces the pollen. Fertilization of the ovule and pollen creates the seed. Gymnosperms (conifers)
Conifers(cone-bearers) Male cones produce pollen (with sperm)! Pollen blows off in the wind.
Conifers The female cone is big. Pollen sticks to it, and fertilizes an egg, making a seed.
Angiosperms : • Most common plants • Produces pollen (sperm) & egg in flowers • Produce seeds
Angiosperms and Gymnosperms have evolved to become the dominant plants on earth!!
Questions • What organisms do you think are the ancestors of plants? • What are the differences between spores and seeds? • Why does having tracheids allow vascular plants to be much larger than nonvascular plants?