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UNIT 2:CELL STRUCTURE & FUNCTION/ CHAPTER 4

UNIT 2:CELL STRUCTURE & FUNCTION/ CHAPTER 4. Reference Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life, Tenth Edition, Starr & Taggart. Refresh your memory on the cell:. CELLS. Smallest unit of all living things. Differ in size and shape depending on its function. Organelles.

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UNIT 2:CELL STRUCTURE & FUNCTION/ CHAPTER 4

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  1. UNIT 2:CELL STRUCTURE & FUNCTION/CHAPTER 4 Reference Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life, Tenth Edition, Starr & Taggart

  2. Refresh your memory on the cell:

  3. CELLS • Smallest unit of all living things. • Differ in size and shape depending on its function.

  4. Organelles • “Little” organs. Parts of cell that have specialized functions.

  5. Plasma Membrane • Outer part of cell. Controls what enters and exits the cell. • AKA: Lipid Bilayer

  6. Nucleus • Membrane bound sac that contains DNA. • “Brain” of cell. • Within the nucleus: • Nuclear Envelope: Controls what enters and exits the nucleus. • Nucleolus: Makes ribosomes • Chromosomes: Contain DNA molecule and proteins • Chromatin: Total collection of all DNA molecules and their proteins.

  7. Cytoplasm • Fluid in cell that helps hold organelles in place.

  8. Endoplasmic Reticulum/ER • Helps transport substances throughout the cell. • 2 Types of ER: • Rough ER: • Helps assemble protein • Smooth ER: • Detoxifies Substances

  9. Golgi Body • Modifies, sorts, and distributes protein. • Like a post office

  10. Mitochondria • Produces ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) molecules for cell (gives Energy to cell).

  11. Vesicles • Peroxisomes: • Sacs of enzymes that break down fatty acids and amino acids. • Lysosomes: • Digests substances for the cell.

  12. Ribosomes • Make protein (assemble polypetide chains)

  13. Differences between a Plant and Animal Cell • Chloroplasts: • Use sunlight to form ATP and NADPH • Within the Chloroplasts: • Stroma: Fluid in the interior • Thylakoid membrane: Site for photosynthesis • Vacuole: • Animal Cells: Small • Plant Cells: Large • Cell Wall • Made of cellulose to help give plant sturdy structure.

  14. 2 Types of Cells: • Eukaryotic Cells: • Have membrane bound organelles. • Have a Nucleus • Prokaryotic Cells: • Lack membrane bound organelles. • Do not have a “true Nucleus”

  15. How do cells move? • Flagella: • Long tail- like structure, whip-like motion to swim. • Example: Sperm • Cilia: • Hair like structures. • Example: Lining on our lungs, help move mucus.

  16. Tonight’s Homework • Take notes (Cornell, Concept Maps, or Outlines) on Chapter 4

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