Master in Engineering Design

1. Master in Engineering Design History of Design Thermal Form as an expressive element in design Gulbenkian Museum Fernando Carreira José Gaspar 30Jun05

2. Central pool at the crossing of two main water courses which contain both fish and water plants. Near the corners are four, eight-pointed star shapes – pavilions, and adjacent to them are four square areas each bearing a flowering shrub. Rug design based on the Formal Persian Garden The bulk of the field is filled with delicate flowering shrubbery of several types.

3. Gulbenkian Persian Rug's Carpet discovered among the ices of Pazyryk Valley, in Altai Mountains, Siberia, Fifth century B.C. “Medallion” carpet Pérsia, Tabriz Sixteenth century “Medallion” carpet Northern India, LahoreSeventeenth century

4. The Persian Paradise Garden • Design materializations: • Enclosed garden – walled - for privacy and security; • Formal rectangle of water; • Pavilion provides permanent shelter; • Treesprovide shelter; • Odor and fruit are important elements; • Elaborate use of water, often in canals, ponds, rills, waterfalls or fountains; • The water features are often used to quarter the garden – the four rivers of the Garden of Eden; • Formal garden layout, with emphasis on structure • Casual garden layout, with emphasis on the plant (free growing). • It’s roles (a paradise on earth): • Spiritual relaxation; • Leisurely relaxation – meetings with friends.

5. The Persian Paradise Garden • Five garden layout’s: • Hayat(classical, public or private) – heavy emphasis on aesthetics over function. Pool centered and structural. The pool serves as a focus and humidifies the surrounding atmosphere; • Meidan(public and formal) – more emphasis on the biotic element than the hayat and minimizes structure. The pool and gravel pathways divide up the lawn; • Chahar Bagh(private and formal) – basic structure consist of four divided corners – by waterways or pathways. Used on work-related functions for the rich (communicating with ambassadors). Balance between structure with greenery – plants often around the periphery of a pool and path based structure;

6. The Persian Paradise Garden • Five garden layout’s: • Park(casual public) – emphasis on plant-life. Limited in terms of structural elements. Relaxation and socialization purposes; • Bagh (casual private) – emphasis the natural and green aspect of the garden. Familial relaxation.

7. Paradise Garden (Warm Weather): • Cooling with shade and breezes • Cooling with evaporation from water and vegetation • Methaphoriacal representation Sacredness Affection • Persian Carpet (Cold Weather) : • Insulating air space (floor, walls) • Radiation barrier • Sense of warmth and comfort • Beauty Delight Necessity Thermal Form Reinforcement of seasonal and thermal associations Materialization The Thermal Delight Machine

8. Gulbenkian Garden - a thermal experience Dry Wet • Options: • Find the front door • Experiment the thermal delight • Experiment the thermal delight with a good path Dry

9. Dry Dry Wet