Extension and the World University of Illinois Extension and Purdue University Extension

1. Extension and the WorldUniversity of Illinois Extension and Purdue University Extension Professional Development Workshop October 30, 2008

2. Overview • Background • Internationalizing Extension • What and Why • Integrating an international perspective

3. The “Flat World” The term comes from the 2005 book about globalization by The New York Times’ foreign affairs columnist, Thomas L. Friedman, entitled: “The World is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-First Century”

4. What is a “Flat World”? A “flat world” is one in which it is recognized that everything is connected to everything else. It is a world in which what is done in one place impacts what happens elsewhere. It is the world in which we live today!

5. Most of today’s Problems and Issues Transcend Boundaries Environment Peace/Security Energy Financial Issues Health Pests Food Safety Pollution Immigration Climate Change Water Population Growth Trade Families

6. Some recent headlines… Bailout details due today Government plans to spend as much as $250 billion of $700 billion rescue package to buy stock in private banks Euro nations agree on credit measures Bank refinancing plan guarantees new debt up to 5 years Markets storm back U.S., European countries move to ease financial crisis Who'd have thought $3 gas would look good? Recent drop brings wide disparity across the US

7. Boundaries are of decreasing importance as the world becomes more flat Geographic Ethnic Social Economic Gender Religion Cultural Racial Educational Values - Boundaries are those parts of life that tend to keep us apart:

8. A snapshot of the US today One in eight of our population is foreign born One in six speaks a language other than English at home Non-Latino whites are a minority in 4 states (California, Hawaii, New Mexico and Texas) and in the District of Columbia The Latino population increased 77% in Arizona from 1990-2000 mirroring similar changes in other parts of the United States

9. Globalization Today… “…there is no more pressing issue today than preparing people for a world that is coming closer together through globalization.” Mike Eskew Chairman and CEO UPS

10. What Does Globalization Mean for Extension? As Extension educators and specialists, we must recognize that we share an interconnected world, especially at the community level. - Do we demonstrate this fact through our actions?

11. We are not the Extension System of yesteryear - We must become an Extension System that engages people and communities in education about critical issues that are integral parts of a global community

12. The Extension System: A Vision for the 21st Century “The challenge for Extension is to provide leadership to demonstrate the local implications and potential consequences of an interdependent world.” NASULGC/ECOP February 2002

13. Internationalized Land Grants - Organizational Culture… • Research, teaching and extension will form a seamless whole: • Multiculturalism and global perspectives will be expected as part of programming and scholarship. • International programming and scholarship will incorporate all three functions. • International expertise will support domestic multicultural efforts and vice versa.

14. Internationalizing Extension “An international dimension is basic to effective Extension programs. Not secondary. Not a luxury. Not an after-thought. Not an add-on.” - Michael Patton, Journal of Extension (Cited by Charles Knapp in the Seaman A. Knapp Lecture, 1997)

15. Vision of Internationalized Extension Globally competent stakeholders, faculty and students who live, compete, work well in an ever dynamic and interdependent world community. GASEPA STANDING COMMITTEE 1998 Bobby D. Moser, Chairman

16. What does an Internationalized Extension System look like? • Institutional leaders strongly articulate and affirm the importance of international and multicultural programming in teaching, research and extension. • Leadership for internationalized extension will be reflected in the actions of faculty and field-based extension educators.

17. Characteristics of an Internationalized Extension System • Relationship between Extension’s mission and international issues • Clientele understand interdependencies • Impact of international economic forces is stressed • Incorporate international aspects into on-going Extension activities • Global efforts rewarded through performance evaluations • Ludwig, 1997

18. Time Clientele support Colleague support Administrative support Family commitments Expertise Not program priority Lack of rewards Negative career impact No P&T recognition No teaching materials No training No financial support Language Cultural differences Faculty identified barriers for International Participation

19. Additional Barriers and Constraints for Internationalizing Extension Lack of clarity regarding congruence of international efforts and local concerns Insufficient knowledge to build an international element into local programming Competing demands on professional time Discomfort and/or lack of confidence

20. Response to Barriers and Constraints to Internationalization of Extension We must resist the temptation to allow barriers to overwhelm our efforts. We should work towards solutions rather than permit constraints to hinder the work that we know must be done. - International efforts are too important to ignore!

21. Benefits of Internationalizing Extension (1) Provides stakeholders and communities with access to tools and knowledge to address and solve key transnational issues, which require cooperation beyond our own borders Energy, climate change, food safety, pests, pollution, health, trade

22. Benefits of Internationalizing Extension (2) Equips our stakeholders for competitive success in the global marketplace by helping entrepreneurs understand their competition and be successful with new customers. Connects us to the world beyond our own home base, thus contributing to global security and a more peaceful world

23. Benefits of Internationalizing Extension (3) Helps integrate new immigrant populations into community life by opening doors to understanding and appreciation of both our differences and our similarities. Makes county educators and specialists better at what they do by challenging them in new contexts and places Enhances global competencies

24. The Benefits of Strong Cultural Skills • It is good business to be able to work with a diverse workforce/customer base • The world is very small—need to communicate and work with others • Growing pluralism in communities • Increasing complexity in our lives • Problems demand “collaboration”

25. Culture Shock… • Think about being in an unfamiliar environment where you are unsure of how to behave… • People do not know you • People think and behave differently • Don’t know what to expect from them, or they from you • You feel like “a fish out of water”

26. What to do about it? • Recognize it • Don’t deny, flee, fight it • Begin to understand yourself and your reactions • What is your own cultural identity or comfort zone? • What about the new setting is uncomfortable?

27. Levels of cultural sensitivity A. Generalized - Aware of superficial differences, stereotypes B. Us-them - Aware of significant cultural traits that contrast markedly from one’s own…recognizes challenges C. Side-by-side - Understands cultural differences, why they exist, and how to overcome D. One-world - Aware and accepts how another FEELS, through the eyes of the other person

28. Crossing cultures changes us… • Realize that people are basically good, trusting and welcoming • Faith in yourself and your ability to overcome misunderstandings • Value and seek-out diversity • Pride in your adaptability • Enjoy and revel in such experiences

29. Skill Set Required for Successful Internationalization Efforts (1) Confidence to work in a cross cultural context Ability to work with people different from yourself Sufficient knowledge to develop appropriate programs for stakeholders in your county

30. Skill Set Required for Successful Internationalization Efforts (2) Ability to link county and international work as part of an interconnected whole Flexibility, desire, and time to travel internationally Commitment to and understanding of the logic for the international dimensions of Extension

31. Strive to adapt… • Try to be open to new ideas, beliefs, behaviors…see things in context • Develop friendships or cultural guides • Keep your own beliefs to yourself…try not to compare • “Try it on”… build up participation

32. Host visitors Involve clientele in study tour Add global activity to current program Communicate by e-mail Subscribe to international publication Join an international organization Get involved in an international research project Sister city projects Participate in study tour Work on an international development project Participate in a local international festival Study international tourism in local community Develop an inventory of local global resources Study a foreign language Potential Activities- Besides International Travel

33. Learn from your experience… • Cultural confrontation forces you to better understand yourself • Appreciate your adaptability—flexibility • Strengthen your interpersonal skills • Reflect on your own cultural “baggage”…evaluate your beliefs & lifestyle

34. The Impact of an Extension Educator Education opens the public’s eyes that we are part of a world community… think about the impact you have when you give knowledge… - It’s ironic, we don’t recognize the benefits of our international programs

35. End goal… • We will know that we have an internationalized extension system when it is no longer an issue to talk about. • It will be a part of our organizational fabric • Clientele and community/state leaders will be deeply involved and benefit from our global perspectives

36. A Global Perspective towards an Internationalized Extension System “The first day we looked for our countries; the third day we pointed to our continents; by the fifth day we were aware of only one Earth.” Bin Salman (Saudi Astronaut)

37. Thank you! Nick T. Place Associate Dean & Associate Director nplace@umd.edu