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Week Ten: Implementation Issues in Middle and High Schools. April 17, 2007 A-117: Implementing Inclusive Education Harvard Graduate School of Education Dr. Thomas Hehir. Issues Common in Elem. Schools. Stigma Intervention decisions Accommodation decisions
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Week Ten:Implementation Issues in Middle and High Schools April 17, 2007 A-117: Implementing Inclusive Education Harvard Graduate School of Education Dr. Thomas Hehir
Issues Common in Elem. Schools • Stigma • Intervention decisions • Accommodation decisions • Teacher contact issue can be even more of a problem
Issues Unique to High School (Issues may also occur in middle schools with a high-school type structure) • Traditional seven 45-minute periods • Limited time to differentiate • Four year expectation • Tracking and curricula • “Cultural” issues- more subject oriented • Student issues • more autonomous • drop out • differing goals • movement to adulthood
Think of a student with a significant emotional disturbance, drug and alcohol issues, and fifth grade skills. What would the challenges be in a traditional high school structure? What would special education be apt to look like?
Leone & McLaughlin The Purpose of Schooling: • Cultural transmission v. romantic, progressive ideologies of schooling • Intervention and accommodations • Fragmentation of service delivery Need for: • Outcome driven systems • System linked services • Family responsive services
Elements of Reform • Beliefs (Jorgensen) • More than transmit information • All have value • Diversity embraced • Students are supported • How instruction is delivered (unit approach from Jorgensen, p. 75) • A central unit or problem • An opening grabber or motivator • Lessons that are linked to the central issue or problem • Richly detailed source material • Culminating projects • Varied lesson plans • Multiple assessments • Varied modes of student expression
Elements of Reform – Continued 3. School-wide behavior approaches (Sugai & Ebert) (Martha Wally visiting)
Elements of Reform – Continued 4. Structural (Jorgensen, Chapter 4) • Common planning time • Time and learning • Tracking and heterogeneous grouping • Interdisciplinary teaching opportunities 5. Self-determination 6. Community Supports 7. Strong emphasis on transition How does Jorgensen’s view differ from that of Brown?
Case Study Prompts • Groups 1 & 5: You are the principal of the school in question. How would you handle this situation? • Groups 2 & 6: You are a teacher at the school in question. How would you handle this situation with your students? • Groups 3 & 7: You are the special education director for the district. What could you have done to prevent this or similar incidents from happening? • Groups 4 & 8: You are an advocate for students with disabilities. You receive a call from a reporter; she wants your reaction to the incident and asks you if this is a failure of inclusion. How do you respond?