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The History of American Education

7. The History of American Education. THE DEVELOPMENT OF AMERICA’S SCHOOLS. 7.1. Middle/High Schools (1950s-Present). Junior High Schools (1909-Present). High Schools (1800s-Present). Academies (1700s-1800s). English Grammar Schools (1700s). Latin Grammar Schools (1600s-1700s).

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The History of American Education

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  1. 7 The History of American Education

  2. THE DEVELOPMENT OF AMERICA’S SCHOOLS 7.1 Middle/High Schools (1950s-Present) Junior High Schools (1909-Present) High Schools (1800s-Present) Academies (1700s-1800s) English Grammar Schools (1700s) Latin Grammar Schools (1600s-1700s) Common Schools (1830-Present) Private Schools (1700s-1800s) Itinerant Schools (1700s) Tutors(1600-1900) Local Schools(1600s-1800s) Dame Schools(1600) 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

  3. EDUCATIONAL MILESTONES 7.2 • Seventeenth CenturyInformal family education, apprenticeships, dame schools, tutors • 1635Boston Latin Grammar School • 1636Harvard College • 1647Old Deluder Satan Law • 1687-1890New England Primer published • Eighteenth CenturyDevelopment of a national interest in education, state responsibility for education, growth in secondary education • 1740South Carolina denies education to blacks • 1751Opening of the Franklin Academy in Philadelphia • 1783Noah Webster’s American Spelling Book • 1785, 1787Land Ordinance Act, Northwest Ordinance Source: Compiled from Edward King, Salient Dates in American Education, 1635-1964 (New York: Harper & Row, 1966); National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education, Digest of Education Statistics, 1994.

  4. EDUCATIONAL MILESTONES (Continued) 7.3 • Nineteenth CenturyIncreasing role of public secondary schools, increased but segregated education for women and minorities, attention to the field of education and teacher preparation • 1821Emma Willard’s Troy Female Seminary opens, first endowed secondary school for girls • 1821First public high school opens in Boston • 1823First (private) normal school opens in Vermont • 1827Massachusetts requires public high schools • 1837Horace Mann becomes secretary of board of education in Massachusetts • 1839First public normal school in Lexington, Massachusetts • 1855First kindergarten (German language) in United States • 1862Morrill Land Grant College Act • 1874Kalamazoo case (legalizes taxes for high schools) • 1896Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court decision supporting racially separate but equal schools Source: Compiled from Edward King, Salient Dates in American Education, 1635-1964 (New York: Harper & Row, 1966); National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education, Digest of Education Statistics, 1994.

  5. EDUCATIONAL MILESTONES (Continued) 7.4 • Twentieth CenturyIncreasing federal support for educational rights of poor, females, minorities, and disabled; increased federal funding of specific (categorical) education programs • 1909First junior high school in Berkeley, California • 1919Progressive education programs • 1932New Deal education programs • 1944G.I. Bill of Rights • 1954Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Supreme Court decision outlawing racial segregation in schools • 1957Sputnik leads to increased federal education funds • 1958National Defense Education Act funds science, math, and foreign language programs • 1964-1965Job Corps and Head Start are funded Source: Compiled from Edward King, Salient Dates in American Education, 1635-1964 (New York: Harper & Row, 1966); National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education, Digest of Education Statistics, 1994.

  6. EDUCATIONAL MILESTONES (Continued) 7.5 • Twentieth Century (continued) • 1964-1965Job Corps and Head Start are funded • 1972Title IX prohibits sex discrimination in schools • 1975, 1991Public Law 94-142, Education for All Handicapped Children Act (renamed the Individuals with Disabilities in Education Act), is passed • 1979Cabinet-level Department of Education is established • 2001No Child Left Behind Act calls for state standards and annual testing Source: Compiled from Edward King, Salient Dates in American Education, 1635-1964 (New York: Harper & Row, 1966); National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education, Digest of Education Statistics, 1994.

  7. DIVERSITY AND EDUCATION 7.6 Student Generated Responses

  8. THE GROWTH OF THE U.S. SCHOOL 7.7 Source: Projections of Education Statistics to 2010, U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement.

  9. JOHN DEWEY QUOTATION 7.8 • To “learn from experience” is to make a backward and forward connection between what we do to things and what we enjoy or suffer from things in consequence. Source: Some Favorite Quotes from John Dewey,http://cuip.uchicago.edu/~cac/dewey.html.

  10. SELECTED FEDERAL LEGISLATION 7.9 • 1785, 1787LAND ORDINANCE ACT AND NORTHWEST ORDINANCE • 1862, 1890MORRILL ACTS (LAND GRANT COLLEGES) • 1917SMITH-HUGHES ACT • 1944SERVICEMEN’S READJUSTMENT ACT (G.I. BILL) • 1958NATIONAL DEFENSE EDUCATION ACT (NDEA) • 1964-1965PROJECT HEAD START • 1965ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION ACT (ESEA) • 1968BILINGUAL EDUCATION ACT • 1972TITLE IX (OF THE EDUCATION AMENDMENTS) • 1975INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES EDUCATION ACT (IDEA) • 2001NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND ACT

  11. U.S. HISPANIC SUBGROUPS 7.10 Source: The Hispanic Population in the United States, U.S Census Bureau, June 2008. Figure 7.1

  12. ARAB AMERICANS BY ANCESTRY 7.11 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000 special tabulation (www.census.gov/prod/cen2000/doc/sf4,pdf), issued July 2007. Figure 7.2

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