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The Properties of Matter

Chapter 2. The Properties of Matter. Preview. Section 1 What Is Matter? Section 2 Physical Properties Section 3 Chemical Properties. Concept Mapping. Chapter 2. Section 1 What Is Matter?. Bellringer.

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The Properties of Matter

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  1. Chapter 2 The Properties of Matter Preview Section 1What Is Matter? Section 2Physical Properties Section 3Chemical Properties Concept Mapping

  2. Chapter 2 Section 1What Is Matter? Bellringer What do you think some of the ingredients or components are for the following items: a loaf of bread, a textbook, and a bicycle. Write your response in your science journal.

  3. Chapter 2 Section 1What Is Matter? Objectives • Describe the two properties of all matter. • Identify the units used to measure volume and mass. • Compare mass and weight. • Explain the relationship between mass and inertia.

  4. Chapter 2 Section 1What Is Matter? Matter • What Is Matter? Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. • Matter in the Universe Everything in the universe that you can see is made up of some type of matter.

  5. Chapter 2 Section 1What Is Matter? Matter Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept

  6. Chapter 2 Section 1What Is Matter? Matter and Volume • Liquid Volume Liters (L) and milliliters (mL) are the units used most often to express the volume of liquids. • Measuring the Volume of Liquids The next slide shows how to measure the volume of liquids.

  7. Chapter 2 Section 1What Is Matter? Measuring the Volume of Liquids Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept

  8. Chapter 2 Section 1What Is Matter? Matter and Volume, continued • Volume of a Regularly Shaped Solid Object To find the volume of a regularly shaped solid object use the following equation: Volume = length  width  height • Volume of an Irregularly Shaped Solid Object You can find the volume of an irregularly shaped object by measuring the volume of water that the object displaces.

  9. Chapter 2 Section 1What Is Matter?

  10. Chapter 2 Section 1What Is Matter? Matter and Mass • The Difference Between Mass and Weight Weight is the measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object. The more mass an object has, the greater the gravitational force on the object and the greater the object’s weight. • Measuring Mass and Weight The SI unit of mass is the kilogram (kg). Weight is a measure of gravitational force and is expressed in the SI unit of force, the newton (N).

  11. Chapter 2 Section 1What Is Matter?

  12. Chapter 2 Section 1What Is Matter? Inertia • What Is Inertia? Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion. • Mass: The Measure of Inertia An object that has a large mass is harder to move and harder to stop than an object that has less mass. The reason is that the object with the large mass has greater inertia.

  13. Chapter 2 Section 2Physical Properties Bellringer If you were asked to describe an orange to someone who had never seen an orange, what would you tell the person? Write your response in yourscience journal.

  14. Chapter 2 Section 2Physical Properties Objectives • Identify six examples of physical properties of matter. • Describe how density is used to identify substances. • List six examples of physical changes. • Explain what happens to matter during a physical change.

  15. Chapter 2 Section 2Physical Properties Physical Properties • What Are Physical Properties? A physical property of matter can be observed or measured without changing the matter’s identity.

  16. Chapter 2 Section 2Physical Properties

  17. Chapter 2 Section 2Physical Properties Physical Properties, continued • Identifying Matter You use physical properties to identify matter. • Density Density is the amount of matter in a given space, or volume. The two balls below have different densities.

  18. Chapter 2 Section 2Physical Properties Physical Properties, continued • Liquid Layers The graduated cylinder below contains six liquids. Each liquid is a different density so the liquids form layers. • Density of Solids Knowing thedensity of a substance can alsotell you what kind ofsubstance it is.

  19. Chapter 2 Section 2Physical Properties Physical Properties, continued • Solving for Density To find an objects density (D), first measure its mass (m) and volume (V). Then use the following equation: D = m/V

  20. Chapter 2 Section 2Physical Properties Physical Properties, continued • Using Density to Identify Substances Look at the table below to compare densities of several common substances.

  21. Chapter 2 Section 2Physical Properties

  22. Chapter 2 Section 2Physical Properties Physical Changes Do Not Form New Substances • Examples of Physical Changes Some examples of physical changes are shown below.

  23. Chapter 2 Section 2Physical Properties Physical Changes Do Not Form New Substances, continued • Matter and Physical Changes Physical changes do not change the identity of the matter involved.

  24. Chapter 2 Section 3Chemical Properties Bellringer Look at the picture of the car on the next slide. Describe where you have seen other examples of rusting. Write your response in your science journal.

  25. Chapter 2 Section 3Chemical Properties

  26. Chapter 2 Section 3Chemical Properties Objectives • Describe two examples of chemical properties. • Explain what happens during a chemical change. • Distinguish between physical and chemical changes.

  27. Chapter 2 Section 3Chemical Properties Chemical Properties • Comparing Physical and Chemical Properties You can observe physical properties without changing the identity of the substance. Chemicals properties are more difficult to observe. • Characteristic Properties The properties that are most useful in identifying a substance are characteristic properties.

  28. Chapter 2 Section 3Chemical Properties Comparing Physical and Chemical Properties Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept

  29. Chapter 2 Section 3Chemical Properties Chemical Changes and New Substances • What Happens During a Chemical Change? During a chemical change a substance changes chemical properties. • Signs of Chemical Changes Some common signs of chemical changes includes a change in color, odor, production of heat, fizzing, and so on. • Matter and Chemical Changes Chemical changes change the identity of the matter involved.

  30. Chapter 2 Section 3Chemical Properties

  31. Chapter 2 Section 3Chemical Properties Physical Versus Chemical Changes • A Change in Composition Physical changes do not change the composition of a substance while chemical changes do. • Reversing Changes Many physical changes are easily reversed, but most chemical changes cannot easily be reversed.

  32. Chapter 2 Section 3Chemical Properties Comparing Physical and Chemical Changes Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept

  33. Chapter 2 The Properties of Matter Concept Mapping Use the terms below to complete the Concept Mapping on the next slide.

  34. Chapter 2 The Properties of Matter

  35. Chapter 2 The Properties of Matter

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