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Climate Change

Chengdu, China 26-29 February 2008. Climate Change. UNFCCC International Treaty Ratified by over 180 countries Reduce GHG emissions—Mitigation Cope with impacts of inevitable temperature rise—Adaptation Encourages—non-binding. Structure of the UNFCCC. Secretariat

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Climate Change

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  1. Chengdu, China 26-29 February 2008 Climate Change

  2. UNFCCC • International Treaty • Ratified by over 180 countries • Reduce GHG emissions—Mitigation • Cope with impacts of inevitable temperature rise—Adaptation • Encourages—non-binding

  3. Structure of the UNFCCC • Secretariat • COPS-Congress of the Parties • Parties

  4. Parties to the UNFCCC • Annex I-Industrialized countries plus EIT (Economies in Transition) (41) • Annex II – Highly Industrialized (24) • Provide funds and tech transfer to EITs and Non-AI, Dev. Countries • Additional financial commitments

  5. Parties to the UNFCCC • Non-Annex I-Developing Countries • Special concerns on CC impacts • Special concerns on econ impacts of mitigation • LCDs-Least Developed Countries • Resources and capacity to address CC issues • Special consideration of impact of mechanisms • Observers • IGOs—Intergovernmental organizations • NGOs

  6. Kyoto Protocol • Kyoto Protocol: 2008 to 2012 • Adopted DEC 97 at COP 3 • Created Binding Commitments • Rules adopted at Marakesh COP7-2001 • In force after Russia Ratified Feb 2005 • China signed 1998-Ratified 2002

  7. Kyoto Protocol • Effects • Binding commitments • Target 5% reduction of GHG emissions of 1990 baseline by 2012 • Created flexible market mechanisms—regulated • Emissions trading • Joint Implementation • CDM • Also Voluntary Markets

  8. Bali Action Plan • Bali Action Plan • Guide for post Kyoto Global Climate Framework by 2009 • REDD-Reduced Emissions from Degradation & Deforestation • Incentive to reduce emissions from D & D in next CC framework • Excluded from Kyoto • Excluded Dev Countries from participation • Deforest. And land use change = 2nd largest source of emissions to electricity • 2x that of all global vehicles • 18-22% of GHG • Adaptation Fund

  9. Recommended Targets • Cap at 2 degree rise • Cap at 400 ppm to avoid catastrophic impacts 445-590 • Emissions peak in 2015-2020 then decline • 383 ppm now---280 pre industrial • Role of Biodiversity as Solution to Climate change Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) • Established 1998

  10. Role of Forests

  11. Climate Change and Local People Vulnerabilities: • Disruption of traditional livelihood practices • Increased food insecurity • Increased health risks

  12. Climate change and Local People Concerns • Capacity Building • Participation in planning and decision-making • Equitable access to benefits • Access to funds and resources

  13. US • American Climate Security Act (Lieberman-Warner Bill) • Passed Senate Environmental and Public Works Committee-Dec 07) • Reduce US-GHG by 60% by 2050 • International forest conservation • Support for adaptation efforts • House action expec 2008 Energy and Commerce Committee • Legislative action anticipated from next Congress

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