C5- IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies

1. C5- IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies Let us buy some Blade Servers!

2. Invest on hardware and software technologies that are cost-effective, efficient, and energy-saving.

3. Computers 3 Input – Process - Output

4. Evolution of IT Infrastructure • General-purpose mainframe and minicomputer era (1959 – present) • Personal computer era (1981 to present) • Client/server era (1983 to present) • Enterprise computing era (1992 to present) • Cloud and mobile computing era (2000 to Present)

6. IT Infrastructure Fit 6 • 1. Technological • hardware/software needed to operate • Capacity, speed • 2. Service • Services provided by the IT infrastructure • Computing platforms, telecommunications, data management, etc.

7. 6

8. A client/server network Web Server Application Server 5-18

9. The future! Technology Drivers 9

10. Technology Drivers … 10 • Declining Communications Costs and the Internet • Rapid decline in costs of communication and the exponential growth in the size of the Internet • Standards and network effects • ASCII (1958) • COBOL (1959) • Unix (1969–1975) • TCP/IP (1974) • Ethernet (1973) • IBM/Microsoft/Intel Personal Computer (1981) • World Wide Web (1989–1993) Network Effects

11. 7 Components of an IT infrastructure

12. IT infrastructure Components … • Computer Hardware Platforms • Blade servers • Operating System Platforms • Unix and Linux • Enterprise Software Applications • SAP, Oracle • Data Management and Storage • Storage Area Networks (SANs)

13. IT infrastructure Components … • Networking/Telecommunications Platforms • Combination of telephone services, cell phone connectivity, computers and peripheral devices, handheld PDAs, and wireless services • Internet Platforms • Intranets/extranets using internet platform • Consulting and System Integration Services • Legacy Systems

14. Hardware Platform Trends and Emerging Technologies • Integration of Computing & Telecommunications • Increasingly, computing takes place over the network • Client level: The integration of cell phones and PDAs • Server level: The integration of voice telephone and the Internet bring together two historically separate and distinct global networks • The network in many respects is the source of computing power

15. Hardware Platform 17 • The Emerging Mobile Digital Platform • Netbooks, Smart Phones • Grid Computing • connecting geographically remote computers • short-term access to large computational capacity • compare with mainframes/super computers • Virtualization • multiple operating systems and application programs on one server • overall utilization rates, maintenance, upgrades … TCO

16. Hardware Platform … • Cloud computing • On-Demand computing (Utility Computing) • off-load to a remote and large-scale data processing center. • Cloud services • Cloud infrastructure as a service • Cloud platform as a service • Cloud software as a service • Green Computing • CIBC out sources to HP • 28,000 e-mail; • 41,000 desktops PCs, • 4,500 ATMs, and • 10,000 POS terminals.

17. Hardware Platform … • Autonomic Computing • Cost of managing them has risen 30%-50% to prevent crashing! • Features: • Configure themselves • Optimize and tune themselves • Heal themselves when broken • Protect themselves from intruders and self-destruction • Autonomic computing is an industry-wide effort • High-Performance and Power-Saving Processors

18. Hardware Platform … 20 • Edge Computing • A multi-tier, load-balancing scheme for Web-based applications • Processing load is distributed closer to the user and handled by smaller, lower-cost servers

19. Software Platform Evolution Five themes • Linux and open-source software • OpenOffice • Software for the Web: Java and Ajax • Web Services and Service-Oriented Architecture • XML/SOAP for data transfer • Software Outsourcing and Cloud Services • Software Packages and Enterprise Software • Software as a service (SaaS) 5-48

20. Software Platform Evolution … • Linux and Open Source • free and can be modified by users • Developed and maintained by a worldwide network of programmers and designers under the management of user communities Software Platform Evolution

21. Software Platform Evolution … Software Platform Evolution • Java is an operating system-independent, processor-independent, object-oriented programming language • The leading interactive programming environment for the Web • Enterprise Integration • Priority of integrating legacy systems with newer Web-based applications • Growth of enterprise-wide applications • Use of middleware to create an interface or bridge • Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) software packages connect disparate applications

22. Management Issues • Dealing with Platform and Infrastructure Change • Management and Governance • Making Wise Infrastructure Investments • Consider TCO

23. Software Platform Trends and Emerging Technologies 5-48

24. Software Platform Evolution • Web Services • a set of loosely coupled software components that exchange information with each other using Web communication standards and languages • Foundation technology is XML • Service-oriented architecture • Major vendors provide tools for building software using Web services

25. Software Outsourcing 28 • Today large and small firms purchase most of their software from outside vendors. • Three kinds of outsourcing: • Purchase of software packages • Using application service providers (may rent)‏ • Custom outsourcing

26. Sources of Software 29 • Software package • Prewritten off-the-shelf software • Application Service Providers (ASP): • A business that delivers and manages applications and computer services from remote computer centers to multiple users using the Internet or a private network • Software outsourcing • Contract the development of custom software

27. Management Challenges 27 • Making wise infrastructure investments • Choosing and coordinating infrastructure components • Dealing with infrastructure change • scalability • Management and governance • Model total cost of ownership (TCO)‏