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CARBOOCEAN Marine carbon sources and sinks assessment ”Integrated Project”, European Commission

CARBOOCEAN is an Integrated Project by the European Commission focusing on assessing marine carbon sources and sinks over a -200 to +200-year time span in the Atlantic and Southern Oceans. Objectives include feedback assessment, future prediction, and sustainable development. The project covers core themes such as CO2 exchange, carbon inventory changes, biogeochemical feedbacks, future scenarios, and data management. Results include insights into anthropogenic carbon weakening and ocean carbon cycles. Visit http://www.carboocean.org for more information.

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CARBOOCEAN Marine carbon sources and sinks assessment ”Integrated Project”, European Commission

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  1. CARBOOCEAN Marine carbon sources and sinks assessment ”Integrated Project”, European Commission Contract no. 511176 GOCE

  2. Basic CARBOOCEAN data:

  3. CARBOOCEAN aims at: An accurate scientific assessment of the marine carbon sources and sinks within space and time. Focus on: The Atlantic and Southern Oceans and a time interval of -200 to +200 years from now.

  4. System dynamics Boundary conditions Objective 4: Assessment of feedbacks Objective 2: Long term assessment Objective 3: Assessment of Regional European Contribution Objectives of CARBOOCEAN IP Guiding the management of sustainable development CO2 emmisions Objective 5: Prediction, future assessment Initial conditions Objective 1: Short-term assessment

  5. 5 CORE THEMES: • North Atlantic and Southern Ocean CO2 air-sea exchange on a seasonal-to-interannual scale. (Andy Watson) • Detection of decadal-to-centennial Atlantic and Southern Ocean carbon inventory changes. (Doug Wallace) • Carbon uptake and release at European regional scale. (Helmuth Thomas) • Biogeochemical feedbacks on the oceanic carbon sink. (Marion Gehlen) • Future scenarios for marine carbon sources and sinks. (Christoph Heinze) • Data management ENDORSEMENTS: • Dissemination • Consortium management • Training • Demonstration • 50 participating groups (partners, associated collaborators, 15 nations) • 1 US contractor, 7 associated collaborators from US and Canada • 1 Jan 2005 – 31 Dec 2009 • 14.5 million EUR from EU, at least 14.5 million EUR national co-funding • Coordination: University of Bergen, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research

  6. Examples for results so far:

  7. The North Atlantic sink for anthropogenic carbon may weaken: atmosphere Water column inventory of anthropogenic carbon for year 1994 (Sabine et al., 2004,Science) surface ocean Change in CO2 partial pressure in North Atlantic (Omar and Olsen, 2006, Geophysical Research Letters)

  8. The North Atlantic sink for anthropogenic carbon may weaken:

  9. CaCO3 export production Anthropogenic carbon makes the ocean less alkaline – first results on potential feedbacks and impacts: 1750 2004 2100 2250 190 370 700 Large scale mesocosm facilities, Espegrend, Bergen Ecosystem community structures? Effect on atmospheric pCO2 ? Heinze, 2004, GRL

  10. The total feedback of the ocean C cycle to climate change will not be negative: pCO2 [Heinze, unpublished as yet] A slowing down of ocean circulation leads to: 1. A more efficient biological carbon pump. 2. A less efficient physical carbon pump. The small negative biological feedback is overridden by a reinforcing of the bottleneck for the physical carbon pump.

  11. How much anthropogenic carbon is already in the ocean? Deep sections, data analysis, data synthesis, data rescue. Cant analysis methods. [LoMonaco et al., 2005] Model simulations:

  12. The ocean: A very special environment for C!

  13. CO2 in the ocean dissociates ! CO2 : HCO3- : CO32- 1 : 100 : 10

  14. The ocean carbon reservoir is large! ! ! after Holmén, in Jacobsen et al. (2000)

  15. No boundaries for carbon in the ocean – it is 3-D! WHOI water column inventory [moles m -2] HAMOCC model

  16. Challenges: • Where will the C go in future? • How to monitor this over time? • How to minimize carbon hazards?

  17. You find more on CARBOOCEAN here: http://www.carboocean.org

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