Flagellate protozoa.

1. Flagellate protozoa. There are called flagellates because they move with flagella. Some are causative organisms for dysentery.

2. Genus: Trichomonas.

3. 1-Trichomonas Hominis Geog. Distribution: all over the world, more in worm areas. Habitat: in the large intestine especially caecum of human. Morphology: Trophozoite: Same as T. vaginalis.

6. 2-Trichomonas vaginalis Geog. Distribution: all over the world. Habitat: In the genital tract of women and man (prostate gland). Morphology: 1. Average length 13�m 2. 4 flagella anterior. 3. The 5th passing back word to enclose. 4. Undulating membrane. 5. Has exostyle Costa & cleft (mouth). 6. Movement: twist and rotate (likened to a falling leaf).

8. Pathogenesis: In women: Vaginal discharge and vaginal scratching and itching, vaginal creamy discharge and dysuria. In men: affects prostate gland in man and can cause urethritis and discharge which lasts 4 weeks. The discharge is mainly asymptomatic and the male can serve as carrier. Diagnosis: 1-Specimens: From female: urine, vaginal swap, or urethral discharge. From male: urine, or prostate secretions. 2-Lab diagnosis: Examination of vaginal discharge and vaginal scraping (swap). Examination of urine sediment after centrifugation. Stained smear. Culture.

9. 3- Genus: Chilomastix. Spc: C. mesnili. Geog. Distribution: all over the world. Habitat: in the caecal area of the large intestine. Morphology: Trophozoite: pear form. Size: 7-10�m in length. 4 flagella, 3 forewords, 4th in the cleft. Cyst: pear form, 8�m, single nucleus.

10. Transmission: ingestion of cyst in contaminated food and drink. Pathogenicity: none (if present with large numbers, may be result in some disturbance). Diagnosis: Specimens: stool. 1-In saline and iodine preparation: cyst and flagellated forms are found in stool, the movement is Rotary. 2-Culture: in laboratory media.