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Phylum Chordata

Phylum Chordata. The Chordates!. All chordates have these 4 characteristics at some point in their lifetime :. Dorsal Hollow Nerve Cord : a nerve cord that runs along the back (later becomes brain/spinal cord)

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Phylum Chordata

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  1. Phylum Chordata The Chordates!

  2. All chordates have these 4 characteristics at some point in their lifetime: • Dorsal Hollow Nerve Cord: a nerve cord that runs along the back (later becomes brain/spinal cord) • Notochord: long, supporting rod that runs below the DHNC (becomes backbone/vertebral column)

  3. Pharyngeal Slits (pouches): slits in the throat that help with gas exchange in some animals (as a fetus, humans lose these in favor of lungs) 4. Post-Anal Tail: at some point in their lives, all chordates have a tail that extends past the anus

  4. Most chordates are vertebrates but there are some non-vertebrate chordates. The two groups of non-vertebrate chordates (chordates without backbones) are: • Tunicates (sea squirts) • Filter feeders that live in the ocean • Soft-bodied • Show all the characteristics of chordates as LARVAE—not as adults • Lancelets • Small, fish-like creatures that live on the ocean floor • Unlike vertebrates, their notochord (spine) extends into their head

  5. Tunicates • Take in water through incurrent(oral)siphon and releases it through excurrent (anal) siphon

  6. SO… Phylum Chordata includes: 3 subphyla: Subphylum Urochordata (tunicates) Subphylum Cephalochordata (lancelets) Subphylum Vertebrata (vertebrates) Vertebrates: fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals

  7. Vertebrates include: fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals All vertebrates have: • A backbone • Bilateral symmetry • Endoskeletons • Closed circulatory systems • Complex brains & sensory organs • Efficient respiratory systems

  8. Introduction to Fish • Jawless Fish • Lamprey, Lamprey, Part 2 • Hagfish

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