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Unit 10 Review

Unit 10 Review. Energy and States of Matter. 1. The direct change of a substance from a solid to a gas is called ____. A. vaporization B. condensation C. melting D. sublimation. 2. What is a key difference between a liquid and a gas?. A. Particles are moving faster in a liquid

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Unit 10 Review

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  1. Unit 10 Review Energy and States of Matter

  2. 1. The direct change of a substance from a solid to a gas is called ____. A. vaporization B. condensation C. melting D. sublimation

  3. 2. What is a key difference between a liquid and a gas? A. Particles are moving faster in a liquid B. Particles are moving faster in a gas C. The particles have higher KE in a liquid D. The particles are held in place in a gas

  4. 3. Which are the first particles to evaporate from a liquid? A. The ones with the lowest KE B. The ones with the highest KE C. The ones at the surface D. Both B and C

  5. 4. If a liquid is sealed in a container and kept at constant temperature, how does its vapor pressure change over time? A. It increases B. It decreases C. Increases at first, then is constant D. None of the above

  6. 5. What causes gas pressure in a container, such as a helium balloon? • The particles bouncing off the walls of the balloon B. The particles colliding with one another C. The particles evaporating D. All of the above

  7. 6. When the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure, the liquid ____. A. Evaporates B. Boils C. Melts D. Sublimes

  8. 7. The escape of molecules from the surface of a liquid is known as ____. A. Vaporization B. Boiling C. Deposition D. Evaporation

  9. 8. Which of the following will evaporate the fastest? A. Water at 20oC B. Water at 40oC C. Water at 60oC D. All will evaporate at the same pace

  10. 9. The average kinetic energy of water molecules is greatest in which of the following? A. Steam at 110oC B. Liquid water at 373 K C. Solid substance at -15oC D. All are the same

  11. 10. What is the pressure (in kPa) when a liquid is boiling at its normal boiling point? A. 101.3 kPa B. 1 kPa C. 50 kPa D. .0573 kPa

  12. 11. What happens to the rate of evaporation of a liquid as the liquid is cooled? A. The rate increases B. The rate decrease C. The rate stays the same D. Not enough information

  13. 12. Why does a liquid’s rate of evaporation increase when the liquid is heated? A. Particles have lower amount of energy B. Particles are colliding less often C. Particles have higher amount of energy • Particles can overcome attractive forces holding them together • Both C and D

  14. 13. What happens to the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter as the temperature of the sample is increased? A. It increases B. It decreases • No change

  15. 14. In a dynamic equilibrium between the liquid state and the gas state, what is true about the rate of evaporation? A. It equals the rate of sublimation B. It equals the rate condensation C. It equals the rate of melting D. Particles are gaining energy

  16. 15. Consider an iron cube and an aluminum cube. If the two cubes were at the same temperature, how would the average kinetic energy of the Fe particles compare with Al? A. They would be the same B. Fe’s KE would be higher C. Al’s KE would be higher D. Can not be determined

  17. 16. What is the pressure (in atm) at the normal boiling point of water? A. 1 atm B. 101.3 atm C. 0 atm D. 73.5 atm

  18. 17. How many phases of water are in equilibrium at the triple point? A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3

  19. 18. A process that absorbs heatis called a(n) ____ process. A. exothermic B. endothermic C. calorimetry D. enthalpy

  20. 19. A piece of metal is heated, then submerged in cool water. The temperature of the water____ and the temperature of the metal ____. A. Increases, increases B. Decreases, decreases C. Increases, decreases D. Decreases, increases

  21. 20. The process used to measure the amount of heat gained or lost during a chemical or physical process is called A. Specific heat B. Enthalpy C. Calorimetry D. Quantity of heat

  22. 21. Why is a gas easier to compress than a liquid or a solid? • Its volume increases more under pressure than an equal volume of liquid does. • Its volume increase more under pressure than an equal volume of solid does. • The space between the particles is much less than the space between liquid or solid particles. • The volume of a gas’s particles is small compared to the overall volume of a gas.

  23. 22. Why does the pressure inside a container of gas increase if more gas is added to the container? • There is an increase in the number of collisions between the particles and the walls of the container. • There is an increase in the temperature of the gas. • There is a decrease in the volume of the gas. • There is an increase in the force of each collisions between the particles and the walls of the container.

  24. 23. As the temperature of the gas in a balloon decreases, which of the following occurs? • The volume of the balloon increases. • The average kinetic energy of the gas decreases. • The gas pressure inside the balloon increases. • All of the above.

  25. 24. Which of these changes would NOT cause an increase in the pressure of a contained gas? • The volume of the container is increased. • More of the gas is added to the container. • The temperature is increased. • The average kinetic energy of the gas is increased.

  26. 25. When the Kelvin temperature of an enclosed gas doubles, the particles of the gas • Move faster • Strike the walls of the container with less force • Decrease in average kinetic energy • Decrease in volume

  27. 26. When the pressure and number of particles in a gas are constant, which of the following is also constant? • The sum of the volume and temperature in Kelvin. • The difference of the volume and temperature in Kelvin. • The product of the volume and temperature in Kelvin. • The ratio of the volume and the temperature in Kelvin.

  28. 27. Under what conditions of temperature and pressure is the behavior of a real gas most like that of an ideal gas? • Low temperature and low pressure • Low temperature and high pressure • High temperature and low pressure • High temperature and high pressure

  29. 28.Which gas law can be used to calculate the number of moles of a contained gas? A. Boyle’s B. Charles C. Combined D. Ideal

  30. 29. If a sealed syringe is plunged into cold water, in which direction will the syringe piston slide? A. In B. Out C. No change D. Not enough information

  31. 30. Which of the following would have the greatest velocity if each molecule had the same kinetic energy? A. ammonia B. hydrogen C. oxygen D. Water vapor

  32. 31. Which of the following gases is the best choice for inflating a balloon that must remain inflated for a long period of time? A. Nitrogen B. Hydrogen C. Argon D. Helium

  33. Answers 1. D 9. A 17. D 2. B 10. A 18. B 3. B 11. B 19. C • C 12. E 20. C 5. A 13. A 6. B 14. B 7. D 15. A 8. C 16. A

  34. Answers 21. D 29. A 22. A 30. B 23. B 31. C 24. A 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. D

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