World History

1. World History SOL Review Day 3

2. World War I • Causes Military Alliances Imperialism Nationalism European Nations building up their armies before World War I Secret Alliance between nations. Didn’t think that they would ever be call up for a war European nations in competitions over colonies Pride in one’s nations. We’re the Best!

3. The Spark • Assassination of Austria’s Archduke

4. Major Events • United States entering the War • Russia Leaves the War • Why does Russia leave the War early? • What are the significances of these events?

5. Major Leaders • Woodrow Wilson • Fourteen points • Paris Peace talks • Kaiser Wilhelm II • Wanted to show how powerful Germany was • Wanted to build an Empire • Alliance with Austria-Hungary

6. Outcomes of WWI • What were the outcomes and global effects of WWI? • Colonies participation in the war, which increased demand for independence • End of the Russian Imperial Family, Ottoman empire, German and Austro-Hungarian empires. • Enormous cost of the war in lives, property and social disruption

7. Treaty of Versailles • Forced Germany to accept responsibility for war and loss territory to pay reparations • Limited the German military • League of Nations Reparations: compensation in money, payable by a defeated country to another country or to an individual for loss suffered during or as a result of war. That’s my idea!

8. Russian Revolution 1917 • Causes • Rise of Communism • Lenin’s Rule: • New Economic Policy • Government controlled major industries, banks and communication • But is allow some private ownership and allowed peasants to sell their surplus. • Stalin became Lenin’s successor Lenin Stalin

9. End of WWI League of Nations The Mandate system During World War I, Great Britain and France agreed to divide large portions of the Ottoman Empire in the Middeseast between themselves • Established to prevent future wars • Weakness: • Did not have the power to enforce its decision

10. The Great Depression • Impact of the Worldwide Depression • High unemployment in industrial countries • Bank failures and collapse of credit • Collapse of prices in world trade • Nazi Party’s growing importance in Germany; Nazi Party’s blame of European Jews for economic collapse

11. Dictators

12. Dictators • Why did Dictators emerge in Germany, Italy, Japan and the USSR after WWI? • How did these regimes affect the world following WWI?

13. World War II • Economic and political causes of WWII • Aggression by toleration states: Germany, Italy and Japan • Appeasement • Examples: • Hitler’s want of Rhineland The making of concessions to an aggressor in order to avoid war Write in your own words

14. Major Events • Battle of Britain: Bombardment of Britain's cities by the Germans. • Germans invasion of Russia. • Blitz • Total War “lighting War” a form of warfare in which surprise attacks with fast-moving airplanes are followed by massive attacks with infantry forces A Conflict in which the participating countries devote all their resources to the war effort

15. Outcome • United Nations • Marshall Plan: A US program of economic aid to European countries to help them rebuild after WWII

16. Holocaust and Genocide • Genocide: The systematic and purposeful destruction of a racial, political, religious or cultural group

17. Reconstruction Germany Japan United States occupation of japan under MacArthur's administration Democracy and economic developments Elimination of Japan’s military offensive capabilities Japan economy emerges as dominant in Asia • Democratic government installed in West Germany and West Berlin. • Germany and Berlin divided Emergence of West Germany as economic power in post war Europe

18. The Cold War • Yalta Conference • Meeting after WWII • Begins rivalry between US and USSR • Goals were to • Promote peace • Provide emergency relief • Help interim government

19. Matching of Cold War Events

20. Collapse of the Soviet Union • Soviet economic collapse forced them to pull their military out of Eastern Europe

21. Containment • A policy for preventing the expansion of communism

22. Conflicts in China • Civil War between Communist and Nationalist • The nationalist fled to Taiwan at the end of the civil war. • Led by Chiang Kai-shek • Established nationalist China in Taiwan • The Communist established a communist China on the main land • Led by Mao Tse-Tung (Mao Zedong) • Communist China participated in the Korean War

23. Vietnam • Vietnam as a colony • French did not want to give up Vietnam • As a colony, the Vietnam had little involvement in government. • Ho Chi Minh • Leader of the Communist party • Later ruled North Vietnam

24. Policy of Containment • Former colony of Vietnam is divided between North and South. • Communist in the North (independent) and South non-communist supported by the United States. • Domino theory (President Eisenhower)

25. War Break outs • Vietcong- Communist guerillas fighters in the south begin to gain strength • Containment

26. Indian Independence

27. Characteristic of African Independents • Right to self-determination (UN Charter) • Some Peaceful , some violent • Pride in African Culture and Heritage • Resentment of Imperial Rule and economic explorations

28. Middle East Independence

29. Ethnic conflicts • Balkins: • Yugoslavia falls apart • Made up of several different groups: Serbs, Croats, Muslims, Slovenes, Macedonians and Montenegrins • Josip Tito held Yugoslavia together till he died • Ethnic conflicts boiled over • Slovenia and Croatia-declared independence- Serb-yugoslav invaded both republic. • Ethnic cleansing of Bosnia Muslim population

30. Rwanda • Ethnic Cleansing • During the Rwanda Revolution. The Hutu killed the Tutsi (Tribe clans) • During Belgium colonization: divided the Hutu and Tutsi • Belgium promoted Tutsi supremacy. Each person had a ID card. Prevented movement between social class