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CONDITIONALS (SENTENCES WITH `IF’)

CONDITIONALS (SENTENCES WITH `IF’). THE MAIN TYPES. 0: If you annoy Ho Ma Fan, he hits you. 1: If you annoy Ho Ma Fan, he will hit you. 2: If you annoyed Ho Ma Fan, he would hit you. 3: If you had annoyed Ho Ma Fan, he would have hit you.

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CONDITIONALS (SENTENCES WITH `IF’)

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  1. CONDITIONALS(SENTENCES WITH `IF’)

  2. THE MAIN TYPES • 0: If you annoy Ho Ma Fan, he hits you. • 1: If you annoy Ho Ma Fan, he will hit you. • 2: If you annoyed Ho Ma Fan, he would hit you. • 3: If you had annoyed Ho Ma Fan, he would have hit you.

  3. TYPE 0IF + SIMPLE PRESENT - SIMPLE PRESENT • This is used for general statements which are true at any time, so we often find this kind of sentence in science textbooks: • If water is heated to 100°, it boils. • If ice is heated, it melts. • We do not normally use this kind of sentence unless we have seen the result happening in the past: • If I work hard, I get a good result in the exam. [I know this is true because I’ve worked hard and got good results before]

  4. TYPE 1IF + SIMPLE PRESENT - FUTURE • We use this when we are thinking about a future action and its result: • If you ask me, I will help you. • If the government does not change its policy, citizens will be very angry. • Because we are thinking just about the future, we can use this kind of sentence even when we have no seen it happening before: • If I work hard, I will get a good result in the exam. [I may or may not have worked hard before, but I expect that if I work hard in future, the result will be good]

  5. REMEMBER • SENTENCE ONLY ABOUT THE FUTURE: • We can only use Type 1 • If it rains tomorrow, there will be no football. • SENTENCE ABOUT ANY TIME: • We can use EITHER Type 0 OR Type 1 • If it rains, there is no football • If it rains, there will be no football

  6. Supply the correct tense in the sentences below: • 1. If it rains tomorrow, we (cancel)_______ the picnic. • 2. If there is no force acting on a moving object, it (continue) _______ to travel at the same speed in the same direction. • 3. If I win the Mark Six, I (buy) _______ a house on the Peak. • 4. If you (help) _______ me, I will be very grateful. • 5. If you move the computer whilst it is operating, the hard disk (often be) ______ damaged. • 6. If students have nothing to do, they (start) _______ to make a lot of noise, • 7. If the teacher (see) _________ you doing that, he (punish) ______ you. • 8. If I (read) _________ a book in a moving bus, I (get) ________ sick. • 9. If it is raining, most classes (stay) ________ in their classroom during morning assembly. • 10. If Uncle Bill (come) _________ next Christmas, we (take) _______ him to Ocean Park.

  7. Answers • 1. If it rains tomorrow, we (cancel)will cancel the picnic. • 2. If there is no force acting on a moving object, it (continue) continues/will continue to travel at the same speed in the same direction. • 3. If I win the Mark Six, I (buy) will buy a house on the Peak. • 4. If you (help) help me, I will be very grateful. • 5. If you move the computer whilst it is operating, the hard disk (often be) is often damaged/will often be damaged. • 6. If students have nothing to do, they (start) start/will start to make a lot of noise, • 7. If the teacher (see) sees you doing that, he (punish) will punish/punishes you. • 8. If I (read) read a book in a moving bus, I (get) get/will get sick. • 9. If it is raining, most classes (stay) stay/will stay in their classroom during morning assembly. • 10. If Uncle Bill (come) comes next Christmas, we (take) will take him to Ocean Park.

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