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Model A rsitektur Terdistribusi

Model A rsitektur Terdistribusi. Masalah. Membangun. SisTer. B h b d k. • Berhubungan dengan peletakan komponen- komponen dan juga relasi antar komponen

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Model A rsitektur Terdistribusi

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  1. ModelArsitekturTerdistribusi

  2. Masalah Membangun SisTer B hb d k • Berhubungan dengan peletakan komponen- komponen dan juga relasi antar komponen • Memastikan struktur arsitektur bisa memenuhi kebutuhan dan membuat sistem reliable, manageable,adaptable, dan cost-effective • Sistem hrs melakukan klasifikasi terhadap proses yang terjadi pada server, client,maupunpeer • Sister memiliki banyak sekali variasi, tergantung dari jaringan komputer, performa, reliabilitas, keamanan, dan biaya M tik t kt itkt hi

  3. Kesulitan-kesulitan peletakan D i ii • Dari sisi modepemakaian –Variasiyangberagamterhadapkarakteristik •Berapakalisuatuhalamandikunjungi? •Seberapasibuksuatuserver? • Dari sisi masalahInternal –Masalahkonkurensiakses • Dari sisi masalahlingkungansistem –Masalahheterogenitas:hardware,sistem operasidan pemakaian sistem Dari sisi m Dari sisi m jaringan • Darisisi masalahancaman –Masalahkeamanandata eksternal

  4. Model Arsitektur SisTer • Software architecture –Organisasi logika dari komponen-komponen software –Ada 4 jenis: •Layeredarchitectures •Object-basedarchitectures •Data-centeredarchitectures •Event-basedarchitectures •SystemArchitecture –Placement of machines Layeredarchitectures • –Placement of software on machines

  5. Software architecture Layered system - Breaking up the complexity of systems by designing them throughlayers and services - layer:groupofcloselyrelatedandhighlycoherent functionalities service:functionalityprovidedtoasuperiorlayer - - Examplesof layeredarchitectures -operating systems(kernel, other services), - computer networkprotocolarchitectures

  6. Layered Architecture

  7. Layered Architecture P H d d ti - Platform:Hardwareand operating system -WindowsNT/Pentiumprocessor - Solaris/ SPARCprocessor - Middleware: achievetransparency of heterogeneity at platform level - Achievecommunicationandresourcesharing ie.g.,remotemethodinvocation -Examples -CORBA(OMG),DCOM (Microsoft),Java Method Invocation (Sun) Remote

  8. Object based Architecture

  9. Event-based Architecture ProsesBerkomunikasiberdasarkaneventyg terjadi

  10. Data Centered Architecture Proses-prosesberkomunikasimelaluirepositorydata(databaseterdistribusi)

  11. KlasifikasiProses ProsesServer • –Menyediakan ProsesClient layanan dan menangani request • ProsesClient –Proses membuat melakukanrequest • ProsesPeer –Proses yangsalingbekerjasamadanberkomunikasi • Middleware –Menyediakantransparansiterhadap keanekaragaman platform prosesdan objekpada sekumpulanmesinyangmenerapkanprotokoluntuk aplikasiterdistribusi –Cth: CORBA, Java RMI, DCOM

  12. Interaksi client-server

  13. Karakteristik ClientServer M di k l t i h • Service : Menyediakanlayananterpisah yang berbeda • Shared resource: Server dapat melayani beberapa client pada saat yang sama dan S d t l i mengaturpengaksesanResource AsymmetricalProtocol : antaraclient merupakanhubunganone-to-many. dan server • to • Mix-and-match: tidak tergantungpada platform Encapsulation of service: message • memberitahu server apa yang akan dikerjakan

  14. Karakteristik ClientServer d t • TransparencyLocation : proses serverdapat terpisah denganproses client. Client/server • Message-based-exchange: antara client dan pertukaran message. • Scalability: sistem C/Sdapat dimekarkanbaik • Integrity: kodedan data server diatursecara komputer tersendiri ditempatkan pada mesin yang sama atau akan menyembunyikanlokasi server dari client. server berkomunikasidengan mekanisme S l bilit vertikalmaupunhorisontal Integrity terpusat,sedangkanpadaclient tetappada

  15. Multiple server Servicedisediakanolehbeberapaserver Sebagianbesarlayananwebkomersialditerapkanmelaluiserverfisik yangberbeda  Untukkehandalan Server menggunakanreplikasiataudatabase terdistribusi

  16. Web proxy server • Servermenduplikasiinformasi(cache)untuk bertindak • Cache: C Web sebagaiproxy • menyimpaninformasilokalygseringdigunakan • • • Mengurangibebankerjaserver Meningkatkankinerja Wajibdigunakanpadasearchengine

  17. Web applets

  18. Mobile agents • Executingprogram (code + data) in client side, carrying out of an autonomous task& interactive Advantages: flexibility and savings in communications cost • • Disadvantages: wormprogramsandcannot accessto client resources(ie: JAVAapplet)

  19. Apllication Layering

  20. Application Layering

  21. Multitiered Disebutsebagai: Decentralized Architectures • architecture •Thesimplestorganizationisto haveonly twotypesof machines: Thesimplestorganiationisto haeonl –A client machinecontaining only the programs implementing(part of) the user- interface level –A server machinecontaining the rest, •the programsimplementingthe processingand data level

  22. Multitiered Architectures C thThi Cli t ContohThinClient: • VNCclient(VirtualNetworkController) • VNCisremotecontrolsoftwarewhichallowsyoutoviewandfully interactwithone computerdesktop

  23. Multitiered Architectures

  24. Multitiered Architectures

  25. MultitieredArchitectures Interaction

  26. Middleware Sebuahkomponenuntuk –Menyamarkanheterogeneity • –Melakukan message passing • Direpresentasikandalambentuk object • Contoh:SunRPC,CORBA, RMI,DCOM •Keuntungan:OS +Hardwareindependen

  27. Peer-to-Peer

  28. Peer-to-Peer Staticstructure –LAN –Example: Borgchat Dynamic structure • • –Structured •Distributedhashtable –Unstructured –ExampleJXTA,Torrent

  29. DHT on Peer-to-Peer

  30. Superpeers •Gabunganpeer-to-peer& clientserver

  31. Collaborative DSbitTorrent - • Download file .torrent dari website, yang berisi informasi file yg akan didownload (seed) • Sisterm akan mencari penyedia file (seeder) • Dicatat oleh Tracker, user (leecher) akan bergabung dalam node seed dan peer

  32. Model Sister • Interactionmodel: sistemdipandang terdiridaribanyakprosesyangsaling berinteraksi •Failuremodel:sistembisagagal •Security model: sistemharusdiamankan Failuremodel

  33. Interaction Model Problem

  34. Interaction Model Problem

  35. Faktor-faktor Interaction Model dl t ii d i • Latency, delayantarapengirimdanpenerimamessage –Networkaccesstime(cth:ethernetdelay) – WaktuuntukpengirimanbitpertamadariNetworkInterface pengirimkeNetworkInterfacePenerima –Waktupemrosesanpadaprosespengirimandanpenerimaan • Throughput,jumlahpaketyangterantarpersatuan waktu • Bandwidth,jumlahinformasi(bit)yang terkirimper satuanwaktu • Delay jitter,variasidelayantarpesanbertipesama Th h t yangberbeda(cth:videoframedelay)

  36. Macam-macam failure model • Processfailure: crash • Deteksi dgn timeout •Communicationfailure: messagedrop • Karena: transmission error,buffer overflow • Arbitraryfailure: prosesmelewatkanstep yangharusdilakukanataumembawadata ygsalah •Data korup, data double

  37. failure model

  38. failure model

  39. Security model

  40. Security model

  41. NEXT INTERPROCESS COMMUNICATION

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