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Geography

Learn about the 5 themes of geography - Location, Place, Human-Environment Interaction, Movement, and Region - and their relevance in understanding the world around us.

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Geography

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  1. Geography

  2. 5 Themes of Geography • Location • Absolute • Relative • Place • Cultural characteristics • Physical characteristics • Region • Movement • Human and Environment Interaction

  3. Location • Describes where places are on earth. • Types of Location: • ABSOLUTE:exact location on earth (fixed) • Doesn’t change • Latitude/Longitude • Hemispheres • Grid System • Address • RELATIVE:compared to other places (variable) • Changes dependent upon where you’re comparing it to. • Miles • Distance • Direction

  4. Absolute address 555 Trojan Trail Glasgow, KY 42141 latitude/longitude 37ºN; 85°W Relative What is it located near? Barren County is near Warren County Location

  5. Absolute Location 555 Trojan Trail Glasgow, KY 42141 Glasgow, Kentucky 36°59’44”N 85°54’42”

  6. Latitude and Longitude

  7. Lines of Latitude and Longitude are measured in terms of degrees. • Degrees (°) are divided into minutes. • Minutes symbol is ΄. • There are 60 minutes in a degree. • Latitude degrees are N and S. • 0° to 90°N/S • Longitude degrees are E and W. • 0° to 180°W/E

  8. Lines of Latitude are called parallels.

  9. 180° longitude = International Date Line Lines of longitude are called meridians.

  10. F▪ B▪ G▪ A▪ J▪ D▪ I ▪ E▪ C▪ H▪ A________________________ F.________________________ B._______________________ G.________________________ C._______________________ H.________________________ D._______________________ I. ________________________ E._______________________ J.________________________

  11. Mountains are on the EAST side of the river

  12. Create a map that shows the route you traveled from your house to BCMS. Include street names, road numbers, turns, as if you were giving someone directions to your house.

  13. Place • A place is defined by it’s unique characteristics. • What kind of place is it?  What do you think of when you imagine China? Japan?  Russia?  Saudi Arabia?

  14. Place • Places have both human and physical characteristics, as well as images. • Physical characteristics • Cultural/human characteristics

  15. Cultural Characteristics Kinds of houses, means of transportation, recreational activities, jobs, languages, and religion Physical Characteristics Climate, soil, plant life, animal life, bodies of water Place Hola Hello

  16. Physical Characteristics • Specificto THAT place. • The way a place looks. • Created by nature. • Mountains • Rivers, Lakes, Seas • Climate • Vegetation • Examples: • Andes Mountains are in South America. • Amazon River flows through Brazil. • Pampas are located in Argentina. • The isthmus of Panama connects Central & South America.

  17. Cultural Characteristics • Specificto THAT place. • Peoples activities change the way a place looks or is represented. • Man-made or invented. • Language • Unique buildings • Religious Practices • Celebrations/traditions/holidays • Examples: • Portuguese is the official language of Brazil. • Many Mexicans are Catholic. • Mayan ruins are located in Mexico. • Cinco de Mayo is a national holiday in Mexico.

  18. Describe a favorite city, state, or country. How do the physical characteristics in the place influence the customs? Native Americans in Alaska wear different clothes, have different architecture, and have different lifestyles than the Native Americans in Florida.

  19. Movement • The movement of people, the import and export of goods, and mass communication

  20. Movement • Places do not exist in isolation. • Interconnectedness of the world changes the way places “look”. • Today: “globalization” • People, goods & ideas move from place to place. • Examples • Immigration from Latin America to US. • War in Iraq (troops, supplies, ideas, people) • MySpace, Facebook (ideas)

  21. Movement • The movement of people, the import and export of goods, and mass communication (ideas) have all played major roles in shaping our world.  People everywhere interact.  They travel from place to place and they communicate.  We live in a global village and global economy.

  22. Movement • Not only do humans move but also ideas move; fashions move; fads move.  • What is an example of an idea that moves? • Fashion?  Fad?  • How do we depend on people in other places?   • How would our lives change if our movement options changed?  • What would happen if we traveled by camel or horse?  • How do we actually get food?

  23. What places did your ancestors leave in order to settle in the US?Why do you think they moved to America?

  24. Region • Areas that have similar unifying characteristics Grass looks Blue Largest caves Smallest of the regions 2/3rds of coal in KY Gateway to the West Highest elevation

  25. Region • The world is divided into different regions based upon similarities & differences. • Climate • Location • Beliefs • Languages • Ethnicity/Race • Types: • Formal • Functional • Vernacular (perception)

  26. Formal Region • Most common/familiar. • Determined by the distribution of a uniform characteristic (physical or cultural) • Location • Climate • Religion • Examples • The Rockies, • The Great Lake States • Tropics (countries located near equator)

  27. Functional Region • Serves a purpose that affects places around it. • Distributes goods/people • Serves specific purpose • Examples: • Panama Canal • TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority) • Hollywood

  28. Vernacular Region • Areas loosely defined by people's perception (i. e., The South, The Middle East).   • What region do we live in?  What type of region is it?  What are its characteristics? --South --Southern Kentucky --near WKU

  29. Human and Environment Interaction • Humans adapt, depend, and modify the environment.

  30. Human/Environmental Interaction (HEI) • The environment & people are interconnected. How do humans and the environment affect each other? 

  31. HEI • There are three key concepts to human/environmental interaction: • Humans adapt to the environment. •  Humans modify the environment. •  Humans depend on the environment.

  32. HEI • Consequences to those actions depend upon how people choose to interact with the world and use their resources. • Positive/Negative • Intentional/Accidental • Favorable/Destructive

  33. HEI • Current Enviromental Issues: • Climate Change (global warming) • Energy Resources • Water Conservation

  34. What are some more examples of ways that humans use and modify the environment in places in which they live?

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