5.3 – ratifying the constitution

1. 5.3 – ratifying the constitution • Main Idea • Essential Question How did the Bill of Rights protect personal liberties?

2. Objectives

3. Constitution heads to the states • The Constitutional Convention had carried on for 4 grueling months, creating a framework for how the Federal government would act • All states endorsed the Constitution, but not all delegates did • Supporters and opponents rushed back home to state their arguments to their state legislatures • Federal Government- • Ratification– • Each state had elected delegates that would vote to accept or reject the Constitution

4. The federalists

5. The anti-federalists

6. Opposing Forces • Federalists and Anti-federalists waged a heated debate about the future of the American republic • The Federalist Papers– • Explanations of constitutional provisions in New York newspapers • Alexander Hamilton– • Federalist 10 – discussed dividing society into different interest groups or factions to prevent a tyranny of the majority • Letters from the Federal Farmer –

7. Bill of Rights Leads to Ratification • Constitution contained no guarantee that the Federal government would protect the rights of the people or states • Federalists wanted to leave individual rights as a function of state governments • The call for a Bill of Rights becomes so intense that the Federalists agree to create Bill of Rights if the states agree to ratify the Constitution • Bill of Rights – • Amendment – • The framers made the Constitution difficult to change on purpose, so that only necessary changes would go through

8. Why were the Federalists able to succeed in ratification? • 1 • 2 • 3

9. Inauguration of George Washington • The Constitution is ratified by 12 of 13 states in 1789, including the powerful and influential states of Virginia and New York • Although progressive for its time, the Constitution does not address the rights of African, Natives, Immigrants or Women • The right to vote is a power left to the individual states to decided • George Washington- • No national campaign, political parties or debates • Inauguration held in NYC. John Adams becomes Vice President

10. United States Bill of Rights • I. Freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly • II. Right to bear arms shall not be infringed by the government • III. Freedom from quartering troops in private homes without owner’s consent • IV. Freedom from unreasonable search and seizure, requirement for a warrant • V. A person accused of a crime may not be tried twice (double jeopardy) for the same offense, and may not be compelled to be a witness against themselves (self-incrimination)

11. United States Bill of Rights • VI. Right to a speedy public trial, to knowledge of the charges against them, and to legal council • VII. Right to a trial by an impartial jury of fellow citizens • VIII. Limits on excessive fines, prevents cruel and unusual punishments for crimes • IX. Rights of the people – permits citizens to do all things not explicitly mentioned by law legally • X. Powers of the states – states reserve all powers not explicitly given to the federal government