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Cellular Respiration Part 2

Cellular Respiration Part 2. Glycolysis - Pages 93 to 95. Overview: Cellular Respiration. Cellular Respiration takes place in three steps: Glycolysis – initial breakdown of glucose; very little direct energy production; takes place in cytoplasm

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Cellular Respiration Part 2

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  1. Cellular Respiration Part 2 Glycolysis - Pages 93 to 95

  2. Overview: Cellular Respiration • Cellular Respiration takes place in three steps: • Glycolysis – initial breakdown of glucose; very little direct energy production; takes place in cytoplasm • Krebs Cycle – finishes the breakdown of glucose; very little direct energy production; takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria • Oxidative Phosphorylation – major energy producing process; takes place in the cristea of the mitochondria

  3. Fig. 9-6-3 Electrons carried via NADH and FADH2 Electrons carried via NADH Oxidative phosphorylation: electron transport and chemiosmosis Citric acid cycle Glycolysis Pyruvate Glucose Mitochondrion Cytosol ATP ATP ATP Substrate-level phosphorylation Substrate-level phosphorylation Oxidative phosphorylation

  4. Glycolysis • Glycolysis (“splitting of sugar”) breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate • Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm and has two major phases: • Energy investment phase • Energy payoff phase

  5. Fig. 9-8 Energy investment phase Glucose 2 ADP + 2 2 ATP used P Energy payoff phase formed 4 ADP + 4 P 4 ATP 2 NAD+ + 4 e– + 4 H+ 2 NADH 2 Pyruvate Net Glucose 2 Pyruvate 4 ATP formed – 2 ATP used 2 ATP 2 NAD+ + 4 e– + 4 H+ 2 NADH + 2 H+

  6. Glycolysis • Takes place in the cytoplasm • Believed to be the oldest metabolic process – shared by all organism • ATP produced during the process via substrate level phosphorylation

  7. Glycolysis – summarized in words • 2 molecules of ATP are used to start the process – phosphorylating (energizing) the 6 carbon molecule– unstable 6C • Unstable 6 C splits into to 3 C called G3P • Oxidation of 2-3C (G3P) and reduction of 2 NAD+ to 2NADH releases enough energy to phosphorylate the 3C molecule • Phosphates removed from 2-3C molecules in substrate level phosphorylation to produce 4 ATP; end with pyruvate

  8. Glycolysis Summary • Reactants • Glucose, 2ATP and 2NAD+ • Products • Pyruvate, 4 ATP, and 2 NADH • Net gain of ATP • 2 ATP • Do you need to know all of the intermediates in the process? • NO – understand that it occurs in several steps, each step involves different enzymes & results in a different carbon compound

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